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S. One > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

How do you know it’s an anaerobe?

A

Gas, bad odor

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2
Q

Acute bacterial endocarditis

A

Staph aureus (attacks healthy valves)

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3
Q

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

A 
Strep viridans (attacks damaged valves)
Ex. Rheumatic heart disease
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4
Q

How do you diagnose Rheumatic fever?

A 
At least 2 SPECC:
Subcutaneous nodules
Polyarthritis 
Erythema marginatum (red margins)
Chorea (Sydenham’s)
Carditis (MAT: MS > AS > TS)
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5
Q

Only Gram – diplococci

A

Neisseria

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6
Q

Only Gram + diplococci

A

Strep pneumo

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7
Q

Heart block infections (5)

A 
Don’t TeLL Chaga:
Diphtheria 
Typhoid fever (salmonella typhii)
Legionella 
Lyme disease
Chaga’s disease (Whipple’s)
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8
Q

IgA protease bugs (3)

A

Strep pneumo
H. Influenza
Neisseria catt

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9
Q

What do IgA protease bugs cause?

A

Sinusitis, otitis media, pneumonia, bronchitis

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10
Q

Simple Gram – bugs (2)

A

Simple HE:
H. Influenza
E. Coil

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11
Q

Atypical (no cell wall) bugs (4)

A 
CLUMsy:
Chlamydia
Legionella 
Ureaplasma
Mycoplasma
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12
Q

Only Gram + endotoxin

A

Listeria

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13
Q

Gram – exotoxins (2)

A

H. Influenza, Bordatella pertussis

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14
Q

Spore forming Gram + bacteria (2)

A

Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium botulinum

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15
Q

Walking pneumonia bugs

A 
Come My Love:
0-2 mo: Chlamydia pn
10-30 yrs: Mycoplasma pn
>40 yrs: Legionella pn
AIDS/Premies: Pneumo carinii
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16
Q

Cryoglobulinemia bugs

A 
“I AM HE”:
Influenza
Adenovirus 
Mycoplasma
Hep B,C
EBV
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17
Q

Silver stainers

A 
HaLV-C:
H. Pylori
Listeria 
Vibrio
Campylobacter
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18
Q

Diarrhea onset <8 hrs

A

CBS:
Clostridium
Bacillus
Staph aureus

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19
Q

Bugs with capsules

A 
Some Silly Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules:
Strep pneumo (only gram +)
Salmonella 
Klebsiella
H. Influenza B
Pseudomonas 
Neisseria
Citrobacter
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20
Q

Urease + bugs

A 
“Urease PPUNCH”
Proteus 
Pseudomonas
Ureoplasma
Nocardia 
Cryptococcus
H. Pylori
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21
Q

What bugs cause Monocytosis?

A 
“STELS”
Syphilis 
Tb
EBV
Listeria
Salmonella
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22
Q

What are the Big Mama Anaerobes?

A

Bacteroides fragilis
Strep bovis
C. melanagosepticus

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23
Q

What bugs disrupt G proteins?

A

Pertussis: inhibits Gi
Cholera: stimulates Gs
E. Coli: stimulates Gs

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24
Q

What bacteria cause UTIs and prostatitis?

A

E. Coli
Proteus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas

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25
What bug is associated with cat scratch?
Bartonella henselae
26
What big is associated with car saliva?
Pasturella multocida
27
What big is associated with cat pee?
Toxoplasmosis
28
What big is associated with car caca (poop)?
Toxacara cati
29
What diseases are caused by the Ixodes Tick?
Lyme disease – bulls eye lesion Babesiosis – hemolytic anemia Ehrlichyosis – puncture near eye
30
What bugs cause hospital abscesses?
Day 1-3: Staph aureus – lots of O2 Day 4-7: Strep viridans – no enzymes Day >7: Anaerobes – PMNs
31
What kind of patients do Staph and Pseudomonas like to attack?
DM Cystic fibrosis Burn patients Neutropenic patients
32
What diseases have granulomas?
``` Tb Sarcoidosis Syphilis Histiocytosis X The -ellas ```
33
What diseases provide malaria protection?
Sickle cell: African Americans | G6PD: Mediterraneans
34
What bug causes multiple liver abscesses?
Entamoeba histolytica
35
What bug causes multiple cerebral abscesses?
Citrobacter
36
What has multiple lung aneurysms?
Osler-Weber-Rendu
37
What bugs cause Loeffler Syndrome?
``` “NASSA” Necator americanus Ancylstoma duodenale Schistosomiasis Strongyloides Ascaris lumbticoides ```
38
What is the symptom of Loeffler Syndrome?
Pulmonary eosinophilia
39
What is PIE syndrome?
Pulmonary Infiltrate with Eosinophilia
40
What diseases have PIE syndrome?
Aspergillus Loeffler’s Churg-Strauss
41
What disease does Coxsackie A cause?
Hand Foot Mouth Disease
42
What disease does Coxsackie B cause?
Endocarditis, DM type 1
43
What bugs cause meningitis?
``` Bacteria 0-2 mo: “baby BEL” Group B Strep E. Coli Listeria > 2 mo: Strep pneumo 10-21 yo: N. meningitidis ```
44
What are the CSF lab values for meningitis?
PMNs —> bacteria T cell/MP —> non bacterial Normal glucose —> viral
45
What does the Hep B Core Ag tell you?
Gone before patient has symptoms (2 mo)
46
What does Hep Core Ab tell you?
Past infection
47
What does Hep Surface Ag tell you?
Current infection
48
What does Hep Surface Ab tell you?
Vaccination has occurred
49
What does Hep E Ag tell you?
Transmissibility / infectivity
50
What does the Hep E Ab tell you?
Low transmissibility
51
What antibody shows current Hep A infection?
IgM
52
What antibody shows past Hep A infection?
IgG
53
What type of people does Hep E like to infect?
Pregnant women, Asians
54
What is associated with Staph aureus?
Cellulitis, dairy products, gold pigment, endocarditis, styes, hordeolum (on eyelid)
55
What is associated with Strep pyogenes?
“LINES”, ASO, hyaluronic acid capsule
56
What is associated with Staph epidermidis?
Central lines, VP shunts, white pigment
57
What is associated with Propionibacterium acnes?
Acne, progesterone —> propionic acid
58
What is associated with Pasteurella multicoda?
Cat/dog saliva —> cellulitis with lymphadenitis
59
What is associated with Staph saprophyticus?
Female UTIs, honeymooner’s cystitis
60
What is associated with Hemophilus aegyptus?
Swollen eyeball with pus
61
What is associated with Francisella tularensis?
Ulcers at rabbit or deer tick bite site (Tx: streptomycin)
62
What is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
Otitis externa, icthyma granulosum, loves rubber, whirlpool folliculitis, ADP ribosylates EF-2
63
What is associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Otitis media, red bulging tympanic membrane
64
What is associated with Fusobacterium?
Painful mouth ulcers, gum pus, Vincent’s angina
65
What is associated with Strep mutans?
Dental cavities
66
What is associated with Strep viridans?
Subacute bacterial endocarditis, green pigment
67
What is associated with Strep salivarius?
Cold agglutinin test
68
What is associated with Strep pyogenes?
Rheumatic fever, strain 12 —> PSGN
69
What is associated with Group C Strep?
Pharyngitis
70
What is associated with Cornybacterium diptheriae?
Chinese letters, gray pseudomembrane, suffocations, ADP ribosylates EF2, heart block, Elek test
71
What is associated with Strep pneumonia?
Gram + diplococci, rusty sputum, IgA protease, vaccine covers 23 strains
72
What is associated with H. influenza?
Gram - pleomorphic rod, factors V/X, 5C-ribose capsule | B type: meningitis, epiglottitis, sepsis
73
What is associated with N. catarrhalis?
Loves mucus —> attacks respiratory tract
74
What is associated with Chlamydia psittaci?
Parakeets, parrots
75
What is associated with Chlamydia pneumonia?
Staccato coughing, elementary and reticulate bodies
76
What is associated with Mycoplasma pneumonia?
Bullous myringitis, ground glass chest X-ray, P1 protein, erythema multiforme
77
What is associated with Legionella pneumonia?
AC ducts, silver stains lung, CYEA, Pontiac fever, legionnaires pneumonia
78
What is associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia?
AIDS/premies, rusty sputum, silver stains lung, inc LDH (Tx: steroids)
79
What is associated with Clostridium botulinum?
Canned food, honey, inhibits Ach release, respiratory failure, risus sardonicus, tennis racquet shape
80
What is associated with Bordetella pertussis?
Whooping cough, ADP ribosylates Gi
81
What is associated with Bacillus anyhracis?
Black eschar, woolsorter’s lung disease, D-Glu, boxcar like spore (Tx: ciprofloxacin)
82
What is associated with H. Pylori?
Duodenal ulcers
83
What is associated with Campylobacter jenuni?
Raw chicken and eggs, very bloody diarrhea, inactivated by gastric juice, Guillane-Barre, seagull shape
84
What is associated with Salmonella?
Raw chicken and eggs, turtles, rose typhoid spots, H2S, sickle cell osteomyelitis
85
What is associated with Clostridium perfringens?
Holiday ham and turkey, DM gas gangrene, soil/feces
86
What is associated with Bacillus cereus?
Fried rice, pre formed toxin
87
What is associated with Listeria monocytogenes?
Raw cabbage, hot dogs, spoiled milk, migrant workers —> heart block, meningitis, abortions
88
What is associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus?
Raw fish
89
What is associated with Actinomyces?
Face fistulas, sulfur granules
90
What is associated with Vibrio vulnificus?
Raw oysters, cellulitis in swimmers cuts
91
What is associated with Shigella?
Day care outbreaks —> seizures, destroys 60s ribosome, infects M cells
92
What is associated with Vibrio cholera?
Rice water diarrhea, ADP ribosylates Gs
93
What is associated with Clostridium difficile?
Explosive diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis
94
What is associated with Yersinia enterolitica?
Presents like appendicitis + Reiter’s, bloody diarrhea
95
What is associated with Strep bovis?
Colon cancer
96
What is associated with Clostridium melanagosepticus?
Colon cancer, black pigment
97
What is associated with ETEC?
Travelers —> rice water diarrhea
98
What is associated with EHEC?
Hemorrhagic —> renal failure
99
What is associated with EIEC?
Inflammatory —> loose stool
100
What is associated with EPEC?
Pathogenic —> newborn diarrhea
101
What is associated with E. Coli?
Raw hamburger, ADP ribosylates Gs, verotoxin, HUS
102
What is associated with Proteus mirabilis?
Staghorn calculus, UTI (Tx: norfloxacin)
103
What is associated with Klebsiella pneumonia?
Alcoholics, currant jelly sputum, UTI, lung fissures, homeless people
104
What is associated with Staph saprophyticus?
Young and college girls UTIs
105
What is associated with Enterococcus?
UTI, infective endocarditis post-GI/GU procedure, nitrate negative UTI
106
What is associated with N. meningitides?
DIC, pili, releases toxin in log phase
107
What is associated with Brucella?
Farmers/vets, spiking fever 5x/day, animal placentas
108
What is associated with R. rikettsii?
Ticks —> Rocky Mountain spotted fever
109
What is associated with R. akari?
Mites —> fleshy papules
110
What is associated with R. typhi?
Fleas, starts in armpit, rash
111
What is associated with R. prowazekii?
Lice, starts on body, rash
112
What is associated with R. tsutsugamushi?
Mites —> scrub typhus
113
What is associated with Coxiella burnetti?
Dusty barn —> Q fever
114
What is associated with Yersinia pestis?
Rats, fleas —> Bubonic plague
115
What is associated with Bartonella henselae?
Cat scratch —> single painful lymph node, silver stains
116
What is associated with Bacteroides fragilis?
Post op bowel abscess, grows in blood clots
117
What is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis?
Neonatal inturned eyelashes/cornea ulcers
118
What is associated with Neisseria gonorrhea?
Pili, urethritis, tenovitis, septic arthritis

S. One (24 decks)

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