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S. One > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

How do you know it’s an anaerobe?

A

Gas, bad odor

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2
Q

Acute bacterial endocarditis

A

Staph aureus (attacks healthy valves)

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3
Q

Subacute bacterial endocarditis

A 
Strep viridans (attacks damaged valves)
Ex. Rheumatic heart disease
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4
Q

How do you diagnose Rheumatic fever?

A 
At least 2 SPECC:
Subcutaneous nodules
Polyarthritis 
Erythema marginatum (red margins)
Chorea (Sydenham’s)
Carditis (MAT: MS > AS > TS)
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5
Q

Only Gram – diplococci

A

Neisseria

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6
Q

Only Gram + diplococci

A

Strep pneumo

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7
Q

Heart block infections (5)

A 
Don’t TeLL Chaga:
Diphtheria 
Typhoid fever (salmonella typhii)
Legionella 
Lyme disease
Chaga’s disease (Whipple’s)
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8
Q

IgA protease bugs (3)

A

Strep pneumo
H. Influenza
Neisseria catt

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9
Q

What do IgA protease bugs cause?

A

Sinusitis, otitis media, pneumonia, bronchitis

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10
Q

Simple Gram – bugs (2)

A

Simple HE:
H. Influenza
E. Coil

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11
Q

Atypical (no cell wall) bugs (4)

A 
CLUMsy:
Chlamydia
Legionella 
Ureaplasma
Mycoplasma
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12
Q

Only Gram + endotoxin

A

Listeria

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13
Q

Gram – exotoxins (2)

A

H. Influenza, Bordatella pertussis

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14
Q

Spore forming Gram + bacteria (2)

A

Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium botulinum

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15
Q

Walking pneumonia bugs

A 
Come My Love:
0-2 mo: Chlamydia pn
10-30 yrs: Mycoplasma pn
>40 yrs: Legionella pn
AIDS/Premies: Pneumo carinii
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16
Q

Cryoglobulinemia bugs

A 
“I AM HE”:
Influenza
Adenovirus 
Mycoplasma
Hep B,C
EBV
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17
Q

Silver stainers

A 
HaLV-C:
H. Pylori
Listeria 
Vibrio
Campylobacter
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18
Q

Diarrhea onset <8 hrs

A

CBS:
Clostridium
Bacillus
Staph aureus

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19
Q

Bugs with capsules

A 
Some Silly Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsules:
Strep pneumo (only gram +)
Salmonella 
Klebsiella
H. Influenza B
Pseudomonas 
Neisseria
Citrobacter
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20
Q

Urease + bugs

A 
“Urease PPUNCH”
Proteus 
Pseudomonas
Ureoplasma
Nocardia 
Cryptococcus
H. Pylori
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21
Q

What bugs cause Monocytosis?

A 
“STELS”
Syphilis 
Tb
EBV
Listeria
Salmonella
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22
Q

What are the Big Mama Anaerobes?

A

Bacteroides fragilis
Strep bovis
C. melanagosepticus

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23
Q

What bugs disrupt G proteins?

A

Pertussis: inhibits Gi
Cholera: stimulates Gs
E. Coli: stimulates Gs

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24
Q

What bacteria cause UTIs and prostatitis?

A

E. Coli
Proteus
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas

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25
Q

What bug is associated with cat scratch?

A

Bartonella henselae

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26
Q

What big is associated with car saliva?

A

Pasturella multocida

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27
Q

What big is associated with cat pee?

A

Toxoplasmosis

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28
Q

What big is associated with car caca (poop)?

A

Toxacara cati

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29
Q

What diseases are caused by the Ixodes Tick?

A

Lyme disease – bulls eye lesion
Babesiosis – hemolytic anemia
Ehrlichyosis – puncture near eye

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30
Q

What bugs cause hospital abscesses?

A

Day 1-3: Staph aureus – lots of O2
Day 4-7: Strep viridans – no enzymes
Day >7: Anaerobes – PMNs

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31
Q

What kind of patients do Staph and Pseudomonas like to attack?

A

DM
Cystic fibrosis
Burn patients
Neutropenic patients

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32
Q

What diseases have granulomas?

A 
Tb
Sarcoidosis
Syphilis 
Histiocytosis X
The -ellas
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33
Q

What diseases provide malaria protection?

A

Sickle cell: African Americans

G6PD: Mediterraneans

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34
Q

What bug causes multiple liver abscesses?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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35
Q

What bug causes multiple cerebral abscesses?

A

Citrobacter

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36
Q

What has multiple lung aneurysms?

A

Osler-Weber-Rendu

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37
Q

What bugs cause Loeffler Syndrome?

A 
“NASSA”
Necator americanus 
Ancylstoma duodenale
Schistosomiasis 
Strongyloides
Ascaris lumbticoides
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38
Q

What is the symptom of Loeffler Syndrome?

A

Pulmonary eosinophilia

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39
Q

What is PIE syndrome?

A

Pulmonary Infiltrate with Eosinophilia

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40
Q

What diseases have PIE syndrome?

A

Aspergillus
Loeffler’s
Churg-Strauss

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41
Q

What disease does Coxsackie A cause?

A

Hand Foot Mouth Disease

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42
Q

What disease does Coxsackie B cause?

A

Endocarditis, DM type 1

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43
Q

What bugs cause meningitis?

A 
Bacteria 
0-2 mo: “baby BEL”
   Group B Strep 
   E. Coli 
   Listeria
> 2 mo: Strep pneumo
10-21 yo: N. meningitidis
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44
Q

What are the CSF lab values for meningitis?

A

PMNs —> bacteria
T cell/MP —> non bacterial
Normal glucose —> viral

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45
Q

What does the Hep B Core Ag tell you?

A

Gone before patient has symptoms (2 mo)

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46
Q

What does Hep Core Ab tell you?

A

Past infection

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47
Q

What does Hep Surface Ag tell you?

A

Current infection

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48
Q

What does Hep Surface Ab tell you?

A

Vaccination has occurred

49
Q

What does Hep E Ag tell you?

A

Transmissibility / infectivity

50
Q

What does the Hep E Ab tell you?

A

Low transmissibility

51
Q

What antibody shows current Hep A infection?

52
Q

What antibody shows past Hep A infection?

53
Q

What type of people does Hep E like to infect?

A

Pregnant women, Asians

54
Q

What is associated with Staph aureus?

A

Cellulitis, dairy products, gold pigment, endocarditis, styes, hordeolum (on eyelid)

55
Q

What is associated with Strep pyogenes?

A

“LINES”, ASO, hyaluronic acid capsule

56
Q

What is associated with Staph epidermidis?

A

Central lines, VP shunts, white pigment

57
Q

What is associated with Propionibacterium acnes?

A

Acne, progesterone —> propionic acid

58
Q

What is associated with Pasteurella multicoda?

A

Cat/dog saliva —> cellulitis with lymphadenitis

59
Q

What is associated with Staph saprophyticus?

A

Female UTIs, honeymooner’s cystitis

60
Q

What is associated with Hemophilus aegyptus?

A

Swollen eyeball with pus

61
Q

What is associated with Francisella tularensis?

A

Ulcers at rabbit or deer tick bite site (Tx: streptomycin)

62
Q

What is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

A

Otitis externa, icthyma granulosum, loves rubber, whirlpool folliculitis, ADP ribosylates EF-2

63
Q

What is associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae?

A

Otitis media, red bulging tympanic membrane

64
Q

What is associated with Fusobacterium?

A

Painful mouth ulcers, gum pus, Vincent’s angina

65
Q

What is associated with Strep mutans?

A

Dental cavities

66
Q

What is associated with Strep viridans?

A

Subacute bacterial endocarditis, green pigment

67
Q

What is associated with Strep salivarius?

A

Cold agglutinin test

68
Q

What is associated with Strep pyogenes?

A

Rheumatic fever, strain 12 —> PSGN

69
Q

What is associated with Group C Strep?

A

Pharyngitis

70
Q

What is associated with Cornybacterium diptheriae?

A

Chinese letters, gray pseudomembrane, suffocations, ADP ribosylates EF2, heart block, Elek test

71
Q

What is associated with Strep pneumonia?

A

Gram + diplococci, rusty sputum, IgA protease, vaccine covers 23 strains

72
Q

What is associated with H. influenza?

A

Gram - pleomorphic rod, factors V/X, 5C-ribose capsule

B type: meningitis, epiglottitis, sepsis

73
Q

What is associated with N. catarrhalis?

A

Loves mucus —> attacks respiratory tract

74
Q

What is associated with Chlamydia psittaci?

A

Parakeets, parrots

75
Q

What is associated with Chlamydia pneumonia?

A

Staccato coughing, elementary and reticulate bodies

76
Q

What is associated with Mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

Bullous myringitis, ground glass chest X-ray, P1 protein, erythema multiforme

77
Q

What is associated with Legionella pneumonia?

A

AC ducts, silver stains lung, CYEA, Pontiac fever, legionnaires pneumonia

78
Q

What is associated with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia?

A

AIDS/premies, rusty sputum, silver stains lung, inc LDH (Tx: steroids)

79
Q

What is associated with Clostridium botulinum?

A

Canned food, honey, inhibits Ach release, respiratory failure, risus sardonicus, tennis racquet shape

80
Q

What is associated with Bordetella pertussis?

A

Whooping cough, ADP ribosylates Gi

81
Q

What is associated with Bacillus anyhracis?

A

Black eschar, woolsorter’s lung disease, D-Glu, boxcar like spore (Tx: ciprofloxacin)

82
Q

What is associated with H. Pylori?

A

Duodenal ulcers

83
Q

What is associated with Campylobacter jenuni?

A

Raw chicken and eggs, very bloody diarrhea, inactivated by gastric juice, Guillane-Barre, seagull shape

84
Q

What is associated with Salmonella?

A

Raw chicken and eggs, turtles, rose typhoid spots, H2S, sickle cell osteomyelitis

85
Q

What is associated with Clostridium perfringens?

A

Holiday ham and turkey, DM gas gangrene, soil/feces

86
Q

What is associated with Bacillus cereus?

A

Fried rice, pre formed toxin

87
Q

What is associated with Listeria monocytogenes?

A

Raw cabbage, hot dogs, spoiled milk, migrant workers —> heart block, meningitis, abortions

88
Q

What is associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus?

89
Q

What is associated with Actinomyces?

A

Face fistulas, sulfur granules

90
Q

What is associated with Vibrio vulnificus?

A

Raw oysters, cellulitis in swimmers cuts

91
Q

What is associated with Shigella?

A

Day care outbreaks —> seizures, destroys 60s ribosome, infects M cells

92
Q

What is associated with Vibrio cholera?

A

Rice water diarrhea, ADP ribosylates Gs

93
Q

What is associated with Clostridium difficile?

A

Explosive diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis

94
Q

What is associated with Yersinia enterolitica?

A

Presents like appendicitis + Reiter’s, bloody diarrhea

95
Q

What is associated with Strep bovis?

A

Colon cancer

96
Q

What is associated with Clostridium melanagosepticus?

A

Colon cancer, black pigment

97
Q

What is associated with ETEC?

A

Travelers —> rice water diarrhea

98
Q

What is associated with EHEC?

A

Hemorrhagic —> renal failure

99
Q

What is associated with EIEC?

A

Inflammatory —> loose stool

100
Q

What is associated with EPEC?

A

Pathogenic —> newborn diarrhea

101
Q

What is associated with E. Coli?

A

Raw hamburger, ADP ribosylates Gs, verotoxin, HUS

102
Q

What is associated with Proteus mirabilis?

A

Staghorn calculus, UTI (Tx: norfloxacin)

103
Q

What is associated with Klebsiella pneumonia?

A

Alcoholics, currant jelly sputum, UTI, lung fissures, homeless people

104
Q

What is associated with Staph saprophyticus?

A

Young and college girls UTIs

105
Q

What is associated with Enterococcus?

A

UTI, infective endocarditis post-GI/GU procedure, nitrate negative UTI

106
Q

What is associated with N. meningitides?

A

DIC, pili, releases toxin in log phase

107
Q

What is associated with Brucella?

A

Farmers/vets, spiking fever 5x/day, animal placentas

108
Q

What is associated with R. rikettsii?

A

Ticks —> Rocky Mountain spotted fever

109
Q

What is associated with R. akari?

A

Mites —> fleshy papules

110
Q

What is associated with R. typhi?

A

Fleas, starts in armpit, rash

111
Q

What is associated with R. prowazekii?

A

Lice, starts on body, rash

112
Q

What is associated with R. tsutsugamushi?

A

Mites —> scrub typhus

113
Q

What is associated with Coxiella burnetti?

A

Dusty barn —> Q fever

114
Q

What is associated with Yersinia pestis?

A

Rats, fleas —> Bubonic plague

115
Q

What is associated with Bartonella henselae?

A

Cat scratch —> single painful lymph node, silver stains

116
Q

What is associated with Bacteroides fragilis?

A

Post op bowel abscess, grows in blood clots

117
Q

What is associated with Chlamydia trachomatis?

A

Neonatal inturned eyelashes/cornea ulcers

118
Q

What is associated with Neisseria gonorrhea?

A

Pili, urethritis, tenovitis, septic arthritis

S. One (24 decks)

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