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ENT > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Anyone with a sore throat and stridor requires hospital admission. True/false?

A

True

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2
Q

What is the commonest cause of a bacterial sore throat?

A

Strep pyogenes

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3
Q

How is strep pyogenes treated?

A

Penicillin

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4
Q

What are some late complications of a streptococcal sore throat?

A

Rheumatic fever

Glomerulonephritis

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5
Q

A severely sore throat with a grey white membrane across the pharynx suggests what condition?

A

Diptheria

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6
Q

What is otitis media?

A

A URTI involving the middle ear due to infection up the eustachian tube

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7
Q

What bacteria most commonly infect the middle ear?

A

Strep pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Strep pyogenes
Moraxella

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8
Q

What are the first and second line antibiotics in middle ear infections?

A

First - amoxicillin

Second - clarithromycin

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9
Q

When are antibiotics used in sinusitis?

A

Severe/deteriorating sinusitis of >10 days duration

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10
Q

What is otitis externa?

A

Inflammation of the outer ear canal

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11
Q

What is malignant otitis externa?

A

Extension of otitis externa into the surrounding bone (mastoid/temporal)

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12
Q

What is usually the cause of malignant otitis externa?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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13
Q

What bacteria and fungi may cause otitis externa?

A

Staph aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Aspergillus niger

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14
Q

How is otitis externa managed?

A

Keeping ear clean and dry

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15
Q

Give some symptoms of infectious mononucleosis

A 
Fever
Pharyngitis
Lymphadenopathy
Malaise
Jaundice
Rash
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16
Q

What is the cause of mono?

A

EBV

17
Q

How is mono treated?

A

Bed rest and paracetamol

18
Q

How can HSV present?

A

Primary gingivostomatitis
Cold sores
Herpetic whitlow

19
Q

What is herpangina?

A

Vesicles on the soft palate due to coxsackie virus

20
Q

What is a chancre and when is it seen?

A

Painless ulcer seen in syphilis

21
Q

What bacterium causes syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum

ENT (14 decks)

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