Microbiology Flashcards
(45 cards)
most common organisms in MSK infections
Staph aureus
Streptococci
Coliforms
Common organisms in prosthetic joint infections
CoNS, proprionobacteria (diphtheroids)
less common but severe bugs
pseudomonas aeruginosa
kingella in under 5s
features of kingella
gram -ve
usually sensitive to amoxicillin
features of SIRS
2+ of
- temp >38
- HR>90
- Resp rate >20 or PaCO2 12000 or
- WCC >12000 or
what is septic arthritis
infection of the joint space
main organisms in septic arthritis
MSSA and Strep
Diagnosis in septic arthritis
arthroscopic washout/joint aspirate
Blood cultures
Treatment of septic arthritis
IV flucloxacillin
if
What is osteomyelitis
inflammation of bone and medullary cavity
what method of spread is most likely in acute osteomyelitis
haematogenous
Where is CoNS usually found
skin flora
what feature of CoNS infection makes it difficult to treat with antibiotics alone
biofilm
treatment of PJI
remove prosthesis and cement
what is necrotising fasciitis
acute and severe infection of the subcutaneous soft tissues
what is the clinical picture in necrotising fasciitis
pain disproportionately high to superficial inflammation
what causes Type 1 Necrotising fasciitis
anaerobes plus multiple other bacteria
what causes type 2 necrotising fasciitis
flesh eating bacteria
group A strep
treatment of necrotising fasciitis
surgical debridement
penicillin and clindamycin
what does penicillin do
kills actively multiplying bacteria in their exponential growth phase
what does clindamycin do
stops bacterial protein production
what bug causes gas gangrene
clostridium perfringens
features of clostridium perfringens
part of normal bowel flora
gram +ve strictly anaerobic rods
what causes gangrene crepitus
spore germination and accumulation of gas bubbles in tissue space
