Microbiology Flashcards
How many sore throats do not need antibiotics?
over two thirds
What is the most common bacterial cause of sore throat?
Streptococcus pyogenes (also known as Group A streptococcus) causing acute follicular tonsillitis
What are the acute complications of strep sore throat?
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy)
Sinusitis/ otitis media
Scarlet fever
What is quinsy?
PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS
Describe the late complications of strep sore throat?
Rheumatic fever 3 weeks post sore throat fever, arthritis and pancarditis Glomerulonephritis 1-3 weeks post sore throat haematuria, albuminuria and oedema
What bacteria causes diphtheria?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
What is diphtheria?
Severe sore throat with a grey white membrane across the pharynx
What does the organism in diphtheria produce?
produces a potent exotoxin which is cardiotoxic and neurotoxic
Where is diphtheria common?
russia
What is the diphtheria vaccine made from?
from a cell-free purified toxin extracted from a strain of C. diphtheriae.
How is diphtheria treated?
Antitoxin and Supportive and Penicillin/erythromycin
What is the treatment for candida/thrust?
Nystatin
What is thrush clinically?
White patches on red, raw mucous membranes in throat/ mouth
What causes thrush?
endogenous
What is Acute Otitis media?
An upper respiratory infection involving the middle ear by extension of infection up the eustachian tube
Who is likely to get Acute Otitis media?
children and infants
