Microbiology Flashcards
How many sore throats do not need antibiotics?
over two thirds
What is the most common bacterial cause of sore throat?
Streptococcus pyogenes (also known as Group A streptococcus) causing acute follicular tonsillitis
What are the acute complications of strep sore throat?
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy)
Sinusitis/ otitis media
Scarlet fever
What is quinsy?
PERITONSILLAR ABSCESS
Describe the late complications of strep sore throat?
Rheumatic fever 3 weeks post sore throat fever, arthritis and pancarditis Glomerulonephritis 1-3 weeks post sore throat haematuria, albuminuria and oedema
What bacteria causes diphtheria?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
What is diphtheria?
Severe sore throat with a grey white membrane across the pharynx
What does the organism in diphtheria produce?
produces a potent exotoxin which is cardiotoxic and neurotoxic
Where is diphtheria common?
russia
What is the diphtheria vaccine made from?
from a cell-free purified toxin extracted from a strain of C. diphtheriae.
How is diphtheria treated?
Antitoxin and Supportive and Penicillin/erythromycin
What is the treatment for candida/thrust?
Nystatin
What is thrush clinically?
White patches on red, raw mucous membranes in throat/ mouth
What causes thrush?
endogenous
What is Acute Otitis media?
An upper respiratory infection involving the middle ear by extension of infection up the eustachian tube
