Microbiology 2 Flashcards
Staph, Strep, Neisseria, Moraxella
Cause of meningitis for neonates and immunocompromised
S. agalactiae (most common)
E. coli
Listeria
Cause of meningitis for infants (1-23 months)
H. influenza b
Cause of meningitis for 5-29 years old
N. meningitidis
Localized scalded skin syndrome
Pemphigus neonatorum/Bullous impetigo
SAU toxin that causes SSS
Exfoliative/Epidermolytic toxin
SAU cytotoxin that is toxic to WBCs
Panton-Valentin-Leukocidin (gamma toxin)
Hyaluronidase
Duran-Reynal Factor / Spreading factor
Bacterial endocarditis following prosthetic heart valve insertion
Staph. epidermidis
Slime-producing staph
S. epidermidis, S. aureus
Selective/differential medium for MRSA
CHROMagar (Alain Rambach)
contains cefoxitin
SAU colonies on CHROMagar
mauve-colored
Coagulase test reagent
Rabbit’s plasma (EDTA)
DNAse test positive organisms
“SSS Mo”
S. aureus S. pyogenes Serratia
Moraxella
“DNA green yung MoSSS”
(+) colorless
(-) remains green
“Dog bite infection”
VP negative
Staph. intermedius (PYR+) “inter PYR”
Staph. hyicus
“Porcelain white” in LSS
S. albus (S. epidermidis)
Novobiocin susceptible/resistant
S. epidermidis ≥16mm
S. saprophyticus
“Foam-loving” 10% CO2 foam (HACEK)
Aggregatibacter (Haemophilus) aprophilus
Tear drop forms (HACEK)
Cardiobacterium hominis
S. pyo M protein is antiphagocytic because
it binds to beta globulin FACTOR H
TSST-1
Enterotoxin F
Strep pyrogenic exotoxin A & C causes
Scarlet fever
Streptococcal Toxic shock-like syndrome
Erysipelas causative agent
S. pyogenes
Erysipeloid causative agent
E. rhusiopathiae
Erythrasma causative agent
Corynebacterium minutissimum
Scarlet fever (susceptibility test)
Dick’s test
Schick’s test
Diptheria
Scarlet fever (diagnostic test)
Schultz-Charlton test
Post-streptococcal sequelae
Rheumatic heart fever
AGN
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) organism (Enterococci) causes
Nosocomial infections:
UTI, bacteremia, endocarditis, pneumonia
Upper respiratory tract/oral normal flora
Viridans strep
HACEK
Subacute bacterial endocarditis (in damaged heart valves) gram positive causative agent
Viridans strep
Subacute bacterial endocarditis gram negative causative agent
HACEK
Lobar/community-acquired pneumonia, rust-colored sputum
S. pneumoniae
Currant jelly sputum
K. pneumoniae
Bullet/Lancet/Flame-shaped bacteria
S. pneumoniae
Bullet-shaped virus
Rhabdoviridae (Rabies)
Bile solubility test reagent (tube)
2% sodium desoxycholate
Skin test for pneumococcal antibodies
Francis test
PYR substrate
L-pyrrolidonyl-B-naphthylamide
PYR reagent & positive result
PDAC
p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
(+) cherry red
HH reagent & positive result
Ninhydrin reagent (detects glycine)
(+) purple/deep blue
(+) CAMP, HH
Group B Strep (S. agalactiae)
Group D Enterococcus vs Non-enterococcus
(+)PYR, 6.5% NaCl, 10C growth on nutrient agar
Penicillin resistance
Taxo A
Group A Strep
Bacitracin >10mm
Taxo P
S. pneumoniae
Optochin >14mm
Taxo P chemical name
Ethylhydrocupreine HCl
Differentiate Strep. anginosus from other beta-hemolytic strep
VP positive
Viridans strep causing gastrointestinal malignany (cancer)
S. bovis
Nutritionally-variant streptococci
Satelliting-streptococci, thiol-requiring (cysteine, pyridoxal)
Abiotrophia & Granulicatella spp.
(+) Satellitism in Staph streak test
H. influenzae
“dew drop colonies”
CPOP
- Micrococcus
- Neisseria, Haemophilus
- Plesiomonas, Aeromonas, Vibrio
- Oxidizer: Pseudomonas, Burkholderia
CPON
- Staphylococcus
- All Enterobacteriaceae except Plesiomonas
- Francisella
- Oxidizer: Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter
Aerobic gram negative cocci
Neisseria, Moraxella
Anaerobic gram negative cocci
Veilonella
Endotoxin triad of symptoms
Fever, DIC, septic shock
Has IgA protease as virulent factor
Meningitis causative agents:
Neisseria
Haemophilus
S. pneumoniae
Disseminated gonococcal infections
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (peritoneum)
Arthritis
Gram neg cocci causing DIC, Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
N. meningitidis
N. meningitidis capsule associated with community-acquired meningitis
Polysaccharide capsule B
Common cause of otitis media
Moraxella catarrhalis
Sensitive to cotton swab
N. gonorrhoeae
B. pertussis
A male is diagnostic for gonorrhoea if
Positive smear with symptoms
Diagnostic procedure for non-toxin-producing organisms
Culture
Incubation of Neisseria
35C in 3-5% CO2 for 3 days (72 hours)
Selective medium for pathogenic Neisseria
TMA
Thayer Martin inhibitors
Vancomycin (gram +)
Colistin (gram -)
Nystatin (fungi/yeast)
Modified Thayer Martin
TMA with Trimethoprim lactate (swarming Proteus)
Martin Lewis fungi/yeast inhibitor
Anisomycin
“MLA MYC Manila, my city”
New York City Agar fungi/yeast inhibitor
Amphotericin B
“AmB American boy, New York”
GC-LECT
New York City agar with LINCOMYCIN
Selective media for N. gonorrheae that uses LYSED HORSE blood
NYCA
Smooth, glistening, claylike colonies (BAP)
Neisseria elongata
Colony may be moved intact over agar surface
M. catarrhalis (“hockey puck”)
H. ducreyi
Catalase negative, nondiplococci Neisseria
N. elongata (rod-shaped)
Also grow in TMA
Acinetobacter
Capnocytophaga
Kingella
Taxo N positive result
Oxidase test
(+) purple - Neisseria, Moraxella
Superoxol test reagent & positive result
30% H2O2
(+) vigorous bubbling - N. gonorrhoeae
Asaccharolytic bacteria
Acinetobacter iwoffi
Moraxella
Oligella
Alcaligenes
Moraxella catarrhalis identifying tests
DNAse positive
Butyrate esterase positive
Asaccharolytic
N. meningitidis subtypes
A, B, Y, W-135
Specimen for NAAT of N. gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia
Urethral swab, urine