Microbiology

Question 1

What type of bacteria is Mycobacterium Tuberculosis?

Answer 1

Gram -Positive Acid Fast

Question 2

What is the culture medium used for TB?

Answer 2

Lowenstein Jensen(LJ ) medium
Middlebrook 7H10, 7H11 or 7H12

Question 3

What is the function of NaOH used in the Lowenstein Jensen culture for TB?

Answer 3

Digestion and decontamination

Question 4

What substances are used for homogenization of culture in the Lowenstein Jensen culture for TB?

Answer 4

Acetylcysteine and NaOH

Question 5

What is the condition for inoculated culture media for the Lowenstein Jensen culture for TB?

Answer 5

Incubated at 35 degrees Celsius for 3-6 weeks in 5-10% CO2

Question 6

What group and species of mycobacteria produces yellow to orange pigment INDEPENDENT of light?

Answer 6

Group:Scrotochromogens
Species: M. scrofulaceum

Question 7

What group and species of mycobacteria produces bright yellow pigment DEPENDENT on light?

Answer 7

Group: Photochromogens
Species: M. kansasii

Question 8

What group and species of mycobacteria DOES NOT produce any pigment?

Answer 8

Group: Non-chromogens
Species: M. avium intracellulare

Question 9

What are other ways of detecting TB?

Answer 9

• Guinea pig inoculation
• BACTEC radiometric system
  (Allows detection of Mycobacterial growth in 4 – 14 days)
• Nucleic acid amplification
• Polymerase Chain Reaction

Question 10

What organisms may use Vincent’s Angina?

Answer 10

Borrelia vincenti & anaerobic fusiform bacilli

Question 11

What is the most common cause of Acute streptococcal pharyngitis?

Answer 11

Group A streptococcus

Question 12

What stain can be used to identify Diphtheria?

Answer 12

Albert’s stain

Question 13

Which culture is used for Diphtheria?

Answer 13

Loeffler’s serum, Chocolate/cysteine tellurite medium

Question 14

What type of bacteria is Corynebacterium
diphtheria?

Answer 14

Gram positive bacteria

Question 15

When using the Albert’s stain , which bacteria presents with a Chinese letter like appearance?

Answer 15

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 16

What bacteria causes the disease Whooping Caught( Pertussis) often seen in children?

Answer 16

Bordetella pertussis

Question 17

Which bacteria is associated with a fried egg appearance on culture?

Answer 17

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 18

What are the symptoms associated with Atypical pneumonia?

Answer 18

I.P = 1 to 4 weeks
Persistent headache
Malaise
Low grade fever
Muscle aches
Sore throat
Ear pain
Nonproductive cough with substernal discomfort
Anorexia
Nausea
vomiting

Question 19

What are the most common bacterial agents to cause Atypical pneumonia?

Answer 19

Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Coxiella burnetti
Chlamydia psittaci
Legionella pneumophila

Question 20

What are the most common viral agents present in Atypical pneumonia?

Answer 20

Influenza A & B
Adenovirus types 3,4 &7
Parainfluenzae virus
Respiratory syncytial virus
Varicella-zoster virus

Question 21

What are the clinical features associated with Respiratory Syncytial Virus?

Answer 21

Nonspecific URTI

Rhinorrhea,fever,cough,wheezing.

LRTI

Tachycardia,tachypnoea,hyperinflation

Question 22

What is the treatment for Actypical pneumonias caused by Mycoplasma pneumonia?

Answer 22

Erythromycin
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Clarithromycin
Ofloxacin /Ciprofloxacin
Azithromycin

Erythromycin(kids under 8)

Question 23

Which bacteria is transmitted by inhalation of dried bird excrement, less by bites &beak to mouth contact >

Answer 23

Chlamydia psittaci