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micro systems Flashcards

1
Q

normal skin flora

A

S. epidermidis

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2
Q

normal nasal flora

A

S. epidermidis

colonized by S. aureus

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3
Q

normal Oropharynx flora

A

viridans

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4
Q

dental plaques

A

S. mutans

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5
Q

normal flora of colon

A

B. fragilis > E. coli

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6
Q

normal flora of vagina

A

Lactobacillus, colonized by E. coli and group B strep

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7
Q

food poisoning bugs

A 
B. cereus 
C. botulinum
C. perfringens
EHEC
Salmonella
S. aurues 
Vibrio
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8
Q

B. cereus

A

reheated rice

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9
Q

C. perfringens

A

reheated meat

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10
Q

salmonella

A

poultry, meat, eggs

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11
Q

S. aureus

A

meats, mayonnaise, custard

toxin

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12
Q

vibrio

A

seafood

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13
Q

bloody diarrhea

A 
Campylobacter
E. histolytica
EHEC
EIEC
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia enterolitica
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14
Q

campylobacter

A

comma shaped

growth at 42 -> cold salads, deli meat

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15
Q

E. histolytica

A

protozoan
amebic dysentery
liver abscess

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16
Q

EHEC

A

HUS

shiga like toxin

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17
Q

Slamonella

A

lactose neg

flagellar motility

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18
Q

shigella

A

lactose neg
very low ID50
produces shiga toxin
bacillary dysentery

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19
Q

Yersinia enterolytica

A

day care outbreaks

pseudoappendicitis

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20
Q

watery diarrhea

A 
C. difficile
C. perfringens
ETEC
protozoa
V. cholerae
viruses (roto, noro, adeno)
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21
Q

pneumonia

A

group B strep

E. coli

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22
Q

pneumonia 4wk-18yr

A 
Runts May Cough Chunky Sputum 
RSV
mycoplasma
C. trachomatis (infants-3)
C. pnemoniae (school age)
S. pneumoniae
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23
Q

pneumonia 18-40

A

mycoplasma
C. pneumoniae
S. penumoniae

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24
Q

pneumonia 40-65

A 
S. pneumonia
H. influenza
Anaerobes
viruses
mycoplasma
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25
Q

pneumonia 65+

A 
S. pneumoniae
Influenza virus
anaerobes
H. influenza
gram neg rods
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26
Q

pneumonia in alcoholics/IV drug users

A

S. pneumonia
Klebsiella
S. aureus

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27
Q

Aspiration neumonia

A 
anaerobes
Peptostreptococcus
fusobacterium
prevoella
bacteroides
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28
Q

atypical pneumonias

A

Mycoplasma
legionella
chlamydia

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29
Q

CF pneumonia

A

pesudomonas
S. aureus
S. pneumoniae

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30
Q

immunocompromised pneumonia

A 
S. aureus
enteric gram neg rods
fungi
viruses
P. jirovecii
31
Q

nosocomial pneumonia

A

S. aureus
psudomonas
enteric gram neg rods

32
Q

post viral pneumonia

A

S. aureus
H. influenxa
S. pneumonia

33
Q

meningitis 0-6mo

A

group B strep
E. coli
listeria

34
Q

meningitis 6mo-6yr

A

S. pneumonia
N. meningitidis
H. influenza type B
Enteroviruses

35
Q

meningitis 6-60yr

A

S. pneumoniae
N. meningitis (#1 in teens)
Enteroviruses
HSV

36
Q

meningitis 60+

A

S. penumoniae
gram neg rods
listeria

37
Q

Tx meningitis

A

ceftriaxone and vanco empirically add ampicillin if listeria suspected

38
Q

what are the MCC of brain abscess

A

Virdans and S. aureus

39
Q

osteomyelitis assumed causative agent

40
Q

ostomyelitis if sexually active

A

N. gonorrhoeae, rare

41
Q

osteomyelitis if sickle cell

A

salmonella and S. aureus

42
Q

osteomyelitis if prosthetic joint

A

S. aureus and S. epidermidis

43
Q

osteomyelitis if vertebrae involved

A

S. aureus, TB

44
Q

osteomyelitis if cat/dog bite

A

pasteurella multocida

45
Q

osteomyelitis if IV drug user

A

pseudomonas
candidia
S. aureus

46
Q

top 3 causes of UTI

A

E. coli
S. saprophyticus
klebsiella

47
Q

other causes of UTI

A

serratia (red pigment)
enterococus (often nosocomial and drug resistant)
proteus (motility -> swarming on agar, produces urease -> struvite stones)
psudomonas (blue/green, fruity odor)

48
Q

bacterial vaginosis

A 
gardenella
no inflammation
fishy odor
clue cells
pH >4.5
Tx with metronidazole
49
Q

trichomoniasis vaginosis

A 
inflammation-> strawberry cervix
frothy, foul smelling discharge
motile trichomonads
pH >4.5
Tx metronidazole and Tx sex partners
50
Q

TORCHES

A 
T-toxoplasma gondii
O- other 
R-rubella
C-CMV
H-HIV/HSV2
Syphilis
51
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

cat feces or undercooked meat
mom asymptomatic
baby triad: chorioretinits, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications
+/- blueberry muffin rash

52
Q

other

A

Group B strep, listeria, E. coli -> meningitis

Parvovirus B19 -> hydrops fetalis

53
Q

Rubella

A

spread via respiratory droplets
mom: rash, lymphadeopathy, arthritis
baby triad: PDA, cataracts, deafness
+/- blueberry muffin rash

54
Q

CMV

A

sexual contact, organ transplants
mom asymptomatic or mono
baby hearing loss, seizures, blueberry muffin rash, periventricular calcifications

55
Q

HIV

A

sex contact, needlestick
mom- depends on CD4 count
baby: recurrent infections, chronic diarrhea

56
Q

HSV2

A

skin or mucous membrane contact
mom usually asymptomatic, or lesions
baby encephalitis, herpetic lesions

57
Q

syphilis

A

sexual contact
mom- normal syphili
baby- stillbirth, hydrops fetalis, notched teeth, saddle node, short maxilla, saber shins, CNVIII deafness

58
Q

asplenic pt

A

encapsulated microbes especially SHiN:

S. pneumonia&raquo_space; H. influenza > N. meningitidis

59
Q

Brr rods in oral infection and sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces

60
Q

Chronic granulomatous disease

A

Cat + microbes especially S. aureus

61
Q

dog/cat bite

A

Pasturella multocida

62
Q

facial nerve palsy

A

burrelia burgdorferi

63
Q

funga infection in HIV

A

mucor or rhixophus

64
Q

health care providor

65
Q

neutropenic pt

A

candida

aspergillus

66
Q

organ transplant recipient

67
Q

PAS +

A

T. whipplei (whipple disease)

68
Q

pediatric infection

A

H. influenza

69
Q

Pneumonia in cystic fibrosis or burn victims

A

psudomonas

70
Q

pus, empyema, abscess

71
Q

rash on hands and feet

A

Coxsackie A
treponema palldium
rickettsia rickettsii

72
Q

sepsis/menigitis new born

A

group B strep

73
Q

surgical wound

74
Q

traumatic open wound

A

C. perfringesn

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