Micro - Shit Not In Sketchy Flashcards
What causes lymphatic filariasis?
Vector?
Tx?
Wuchereria bancrofti
Female mosquito
Diethylcarbamazine
The IM vaccine for Salmonella typhi contains what?
Oral?
Vi capsular polysaccharide
Live attenuated
What causes trophozoites w/engulfed RBCs in the cytoplasm?
Entamoeba histolytica
MOA of M protein?
Prevents phagocytosis
Which nematodes bite?
lay LOW
Loa loa
Onchocerca volvulus
Wucheria bancrofti
Eaton agar on what?
M pneumoniae
What infection causes hypopigmented and hyperpigmented and/or pink patches, more common in summer?
Malassezia species (Pityrosporum)
What needs cholesterol for gram stain?
Mycobacterium
3 main effects of endotoxin?
Macrophage activation (TLR4)
Complement activation
tissue factor activation
Pseudomonas produces what 4 virulence factors?
Pyocyanin (makes ROS) Endotoxin Exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2) Phospholipase C (degrades cell membranes)
What organism causes vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain and is found in the soil?
What is seen under microscope?
Tx?
Strongyloides
Rhabditiform larvae
Ivermectin
What is Bordet-Gengou agar used for?
What media?
B. Pertussis
Potato extract
Schuffner stippling throught rbc cytoplasm seen in what infection?
P vivax/ovale
What makes up thayer-martin agar?
Vancomycin
TMP
Colistin
Nystatin
Which bacteria is (+) for Hippurate test?
Grp B strep
Which nematodes are cutaneous?
SANd
Strongyloides
Ascaris
Necator
What g(+) bacteria are gamma hemolytic?
Enterococci
Strep bovis
What organism is dx by knobby-coated oval eggs seen in feces?
Can cause what sx?
Ascaris lumbricoides
SBO, biliary obstruction
What creates a serpentine cord appearance in virulent M. TB?
Activates what? Induces what?
Cord factor
Macrophages that induces release of TNF-a
What g(+) bacteria can grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile?
(+) for what else?
Enterococci
PYR (bacitracin sensitive)
What causes loose stools and rectal prolapse in children?
Trichuris Trichiura
How do you treat pedicures humanus (lice)?
Pyrethroids
Ivermectin lotion
What indicates a recent S pyogenes infection?
ASO titer or anti-DNase B antibodies
What M Tb component inhibits phagolysosomal function?
Suflatides (surface glycolipids)
What are the conjugated vaccines?
How do they increase immunogenicity?
Pneumococcal PCV13 w/conjugate
Pneumococcal PPSV23 w/no conjugate
H influ
Meningococcal
What bacteria have IgA protease?
How does it work?
S pneum, H influ Type B, Neisseria
Cleaves IgA, allows bacteria to adhere to and colonize mucous membranes
What organisms take up Giemsa stain?
Chlamydia Borrelia Rickettsia Trypanosomes Plasmodium
What aerobic diplococci utilizes maltose?
What does not?
N meningitidis
N gonorrhea, Moraxella
What is a type III secretion system?
Found in what bacteria?
Aka injectisome, needle-like protein appendage facilitating direct delivery of toxins from certain g (-) bacteria to eukaryotic host cell
Grade (-) like Pseudomonas, E coli, Shigella
What are the fast lactose fermenters?
KEE
Klebsiella
E coli
Enterobacter
TSST-1 of S aureus binds to what to cause symptoms?
MHC II and TCR
Regan-Lowe medium used to visualize what?
Media contains what?
Bordatella pertussis
Charcoal, blood, Antibiotic
What can be used to treat C diff, but is not metronidazole or Oral Vancomycin?
MOA?
Fidaxomicin
Inhibits sigma subunit of RNA Pol
What causes hydatid cysts and eggshell calcification?
Ingestion how?
What is the intermediate host?
Echinococcus granulosus
Eggs in food contaminated w/dog feces
Sheep
What virulence factor binds Fc region of IgG and prevents phagocytosis and opsonization?
Expressed by what?
Protein A
S aureus
What organisms can be stained with silver?
Coccidioides
PCP
Legionella
H. Pylori
How to visualize Tinea (dermatophytes)?
What will you see?
KOH prep w/blue fungal stain
Branching septate hyphae visible
What is (+) for H2S production on TSI agar?
(-)?
Salmonella, proteus
Shigella, Yersenia
Fever, vomiting, nausea, periorbital edema, and myalgia is characteristic of what infection?
Obtained how?
Trichinosis –> Trichinella spiralis
Undercooked meat –> esp pork
Sarcoptes scabiei are found in what layer?
Commonly occur where?
Tx?
Stratum corneum
Jails, nursing homes
Permethrin cream
What is the transmission of loa loa?
Tx?
Deer fly, horse fly, mango fly
Diethylcarbamazine
What causes cigar-shaped budding yeast that causes skin pustules or ulcers?
Tx?
Sporothrix schenckii
Itraconazole, KI
Which bacteria can undergo specialized Lysogenic phage transduction?
CO BEDS Cholera O Ag of Salmonella Botulinum Erythrogenic toxin of S pyogenes Diptheria Shiga toxin
What organisms cause anemia by sucking blood from the intestinal wall and the larvae penetrate the skin?
Ancylostoma duodenal
Necator americanus
What kind of hemolysis results in greenish or brownish color w/out clearing around growth on blood agar?
Alpha-hemolytic
S pneumo, S viridans
What infections specifically causes onychomycosis?
Tinea unguium
Infection of what is diagnosed by trypomastigote in blood smear?
Tx:
Trypanosoma brucei
Suramin for blood borne disease
Melarsoprol for CNS penetration
What are the anaerobic bacteria?
Can't Breathe Fresh Air Clostridium Bacteriodes Fusobacterium Actinomycetes
What grows on EMB agar?
E coli
How to treat onchocerca volvulus (river blindness)?
Ivermectin
How to treat tinea versicolor (pityriasis)?
Selenium sulfide
Macrophages containing amastigotes is dx of what?
Vector?
Leishmania donovani
Sandfly
What is diagnosed by a biopsy w/tachyzoite?
Toxoplasmosis gondii
P. 152
Which nematodes can be ingested?
EATT Enterovirus Ascaris Toxocara Trichinella
What infection is dx on blood smear w/trophozoite ring form within a rbc?
Plasmodium species
How to acquire tinea capitis?
Infected cat or dog
