micro lecture 2

Question 1

describe the cell wall structure of gram positive bacteria

Answer 1

Cytoplasmic membrane

Rigid, thick, cross-linked peptidoglycan

Question 2

describe the cell wall structure of gram negative bacteria

Answer 2

Cytoplasmic membrane
Thin, cross-linked peptidoglycan
Outer membrane

Question 3

not all gram positive or gram negative bacteria has_________

Answer 3

Capsule

Question 4

list important structures of gram positive bacteria

Answer 4

Capsule

Peptidoglycan: Teichoic acid

Cytoplasmic membrane: containing Phospholipid bilayer and Proteins

Question 5

list important structures of gram negative bacteria

Answer 5

Capsule

Outer membrane: containing Lipopolysaccharide and Phospholipids

Periplasmic space: Peptidoglycan

Cytoplasmic membrane: containing Phospholipid bilayer Proteins

Question 6

Primary rigid structure of cell wall is ____________________

Answer 6

peptidoglycan

Question 7

bacterial cell wall is composed of two repeating sugar molecules _________ and ____________

Answer 7

N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG)

N-acetyl muramic acid (NAM)

Question 8

Meshwork in bacterial cell wall is stabilised by __________

Answer 8

crosslinked small peptide chains

Question 9

what makes the meshwork in bacterial cell wall stronger

Answer 9

greater crosslinked small peptide chains

Question 10

describe important facts in bacterial cell wall synthesis

Answer 10

Linking together of NAM subunits by connecting their peptide chains is facilitated by family of enzymes (transpeptidases)

Also known as Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs)

PBP (therapeutic target) and transpeptidase (biochemical activity) used interchangeably

Question 11

what is the therapeutic target for antimicrobials for breaking down bacterial cell wall

Answer 11

Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs)