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year 2 > Micro exam 6 > Flashcards

Micro exam 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Ixodes

A
  • tick
  • bloodsucking
  • Lyme disease and babesiosis, and agents of tick paralysis.
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2
Q

Dermacentor

A
  • tick
  • bloodsucking
  • vectors tularemia, RMSF, and Colorado tick fever, and agents of tick paralysis.
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3
Q

Amblyomma americanum

A
  • tick
  • bloodsucking
  • vectors for tularemia, RMSF, lyme disease and agents of tick paralysis.
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4
Q

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

A
  • tick
  • vector for ehrlichiosis & babesiosis in dogs
  • vector RMSF, Mediterranean spotted fever.
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5
Q

Pyemotes

A
  • mite
  • dermatitis (hay and straw itch mites)
  • bite the person and the digestive juices provoke allergic responses.
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6
Q

Demodex folliculorum

A
  • mite
  • follicular invasion
  • results in puritis and acne like dermatitis
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7
Q

Eutrombicula

A

-Chigger dermatitis.
-Larval mite infests reptiles, birds, and mammals.
-bites doesn’t burrow
-Adult and nymph are predators of small terrestrial
invertebrates or feed on their eggs

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8
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei

A

-Burrowing mite that is the most serious of all the
mites.
-Female is fertilized on the skin surface, burrows, lays eggs and dies (large part of problem)
-intense puritis that can persist for weeks after treatment
-direct contact (STI), crowded living conditions
-permethrin (DOC)
-ivermectin

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9
Q

Canine scabies

A
  • accident infestation
  • canine variety does not burrow or reproduce in people.
  • permethrin (DOC)
  • ivermectin
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10
Q

Crusted (Norwegian) scabies

A
  •  scaling lesions that are filled with mites → very pruritic.
  • linked to AIDS
  • permethrin (DOC)
  • ivermectin
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11
Q

Pediatric scabies

A
  • presents with erythematous crusted lesions.
  • similar to Norwegian scabies.
  • permethrin (DOC)
  • ivermectin
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12
Q

Pththirus pubis

A
  • Crab louse
  • nits (louse eggs) are cemented to pubic hair
  • bite irritation occurs because of adults feeding.
  • transmitted via sexual contact or bedding
  • permethrin
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13
Q

Pediculus humanus

A
  • Nits are cemented to clothing fibers or human hair
  • bite irritation (bloodsuckers)
  • body louse is the vector for epidemic typhus
  • wartime conditions, crowding
  • permethrin
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14
Q

Cimex lectularius

A

-bedbug
-nocturnal bloodsucking insect that transports
microbes like cockroaches.

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15
Q

Triatoma spp.

A
  • kissing bugs
  • bloodsucking insects of USA and Latin America
  • serve as vectors for Chagas disease.
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16
Q

Pulex irritans

A
  • human flea

- parasite, plague and tapeworm vector.

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17
Q

Ctenocephalides spp

A
  • dog and cat fleas

- fleabite allergic dermaitis

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18
Q

Xenopsylla cheopis

A
  • rat flea

- bloodsucking and vector for plague

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19
Q

Tunga penetrans

A

-flea
-female burrows into the skin and grows to
the size of a pea
-painful nodular swelling

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20
Q

Simulium spp

A
  • black flies
  • bloodsucking
  • transmits onchocerciasis
21
Q

Phlebotomus spp

A
  • sand flies
  • blood sucking
  • transmit leishmaniasis
22
Q

Chrysops spp

A
  • deer flies
  • bloodsucking
  • vector of tularemia and loaiasis
23
Q

Glossina spp

A
  • tsetse flie
  • bloodsucking
  • african sleeping sickness
24
Q

dermatobia hominis

A

human skin bot

  • fly catches mosquito, glues egg
  • dermatobiasis
25
Q

Tinea barbae

A
  • T verrucosum

- T rubrum

26
Q

Tinea capitis

A
  • M canis
  • T mentagrophytes
  • T tonsurans**

-griseofulvin

27
Q

Tinea corporis

A
  • M canis
  • T mentagrophytes
  • T rubrum
28
Q

Tinea cruris

A
  • E floccosum
  • T mentagrophytes
  • T rubrum**

-diabetes, obesity, perspiration in excess

29
Q

Tinea pedis

A
  • most prevalent of all dermatophytoses
  • E floccosum
  • T mentagrophytes
  • T rubrum**
30
Q

Tinea unguium

A
  • E floccosum
  • T mentagrophytes
  • T rubrum
31
Q

Tinea manus

A
  • T mentagrophytes

- T rubrum

32
Q

Hortaea werneckii

A
  • tinea nigra
  • dimorphic
  • Superficial fungal agent
  • produces brown or black lesions on palms and the soles.
  • painless
  • iodine or azole creams
33
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A
  • subcutaneous
  • pear-shaped conidium resemble a daisy
  • chronic granulomas & necrosis
  • traumatic inoculation of thorn, wood splinters, etc
  • develop nodules, abscesses, ulcers along lymphatics
  • DOC Amphotercin B or itraconazole
34
Q

Madurella mycelomatis

A
  • subcutaneous (dimorphic)
  • mycetoma: tumefaction and many drainage sinus
  • granules or microcolonies in sinuses
  • africa
35
Q

Pseudallescherica boydii

A
  • subcutaneous (dimorphic)
  • mycetoma: tumefaction and many drainage sinus
  • granules or microcolonies in sinuses
  • white grain mycetoma
  • USA and latin america
36
Q

Fusarium oxysporum, F solani

A
  • subcutaneous (dimorphic)
  • mycetoma: tumefaction and many drainage sinus
  • granules or microcolonies in sinuses
  • tropical areas, Latin America
  • opportunistic
37
Q

Acinetobacter baumanni

A
  • Gram negative rods-coccobacilli
  • cause of cellulitis
  • assoc w/ trauma & use of invasive devices
  • multi-drug resistant & pan-resistant
38
Q

Pasteurella multocida

A
  • gram negative
  • normal microb in mouth of CATS and dogs
  • cellulitis: suspect if associated with a CAT&raquo_space; dog bite
  • purulent drainage
39
Q

Aeromonas hydrophila

A
  • gram negative, motile, bacillus
  • facultative anaerobe
  • fresh water
  • cellulitis
  • necrotizing fasciitis
40
Q

Vibrio vulnificus

A
  • gram negative, motile, vibirio
  • facultative anaerobe
  • halophile (salt water)
  • cellulitis
  • necrotizing fasciitis (necrotizing infection - oysters)
41
Q

coliform bacteria

A
  • all gram negative rods
  • ferment lactose
  • facultative anaerobes

CHEEK

  • citrobacter
  • hafnia
  • enterobacter
  • e. coli
  • klebsiella
42
Q

enterobacteriaceae

A
  • gram negative rods
  • facultative anaerobes
  • EEK: ferment lactose
  • PSSYS: do not ferment lactose

PESSKEY

  • Proteus
  • Enterobacter
  • Shigella
  • Salmonella (osteo w/ sickle cell)
  • Klebsiella
  • E. Coli (osteo in neonates)
  • Yersinia
  • Serratia (osteo IVDU)
43
Q

Fournier’s gangrene

A

necrotizing fascitis of genitalia

anaerobes

  • Bacteroids
  • Clostridium
  • Fusobacterium

AND
E. coli or Klebsiella

44
Q

Prevotella

A
  • gram negative anaerobe, bacilli
  • normal microbe of mouth
  • -abscess: mouth, pharynx, brain, lungs
  • encapsulated
  • Strong LPS lipid A response
  • IgG/A/M proteases
  • metronidazole: DNA strand breakage & destabilization
  • clindamycin: protein synthesis
  • amoxicillin-clavulanate: beta lactam + beta-lactamase inhibitor

-beta lactams if resistance

45
Q

Fusobacterium

A
  • gram negative anaerobe, bacilli
  • normal microbe of mouth
  • encapsulated
  • strong LPS lipid A response
  • Lemierre’s syndrome: jugular venous suppurative thrombophlebitis
  • osteo & peridontal infections
  • metronidazole: DNA strand breakage & destabilization
  • clindamycin: protein synthesis
  • amoxicillin-clavulanate: beta lactam + beta-lactamase inhibitor

-beta lactams if resistance

46
Q

Bacteroids fragilis

A
  • gram negative anaerobe, bacilli
  • most common non-sporeforming opportunistic anaerobe
  • deep pain & tenderness below diaphragm
  • B-lactamase
  • bile resistant
  • SOD & catalase (exception to rule)
  • PSA- essential to abscess formation
  • -induce host cell immune response
  • -attachment to peritoneal mesothelium (surrounded by collagen capsule)
  • -inhibits complement mediated killing (dissemination)
  • weak LPS lipid A response
  • encapsulated
  • metronidazole: DNA strand breakage & destabilization
  • carbapenems: beta-lactam
  • beta-lactam + beta latamase inhib

-clindamycin: inhibits protein synthesis (if resistant)

47
Q

peptostreptococcous

A
  • gram POSITIVE, cocci, anaerobe
  • normal microbe: mouth, colon, female GU tract
  • brain, breast, pulm infection
  • brain abscess + viridans strep
  • metronidazole: DNA strand breakage & destabilization
  • clindamycin: protein synthesis
  • amoxicillin-clavulanate: beta lactam + beta-lactamase inhibitor

-beta lactams if resistance

48
Q

propionibacterium acnes

A
  • gram positive pleomorphic bacilli
  • aerotolerant anaerobe
  • normal skin flora
  • sebaceous glands
  • Opportunistic infections w/ prosthetics & IV lines
49
Q

Meleney’s synergistic gangrene

A

S. aureu and microaerophilic streptococci

year 2 (15 decks)

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