Micro: Active Recall

Question 1

Coagulase Positive denotes what organism?

Answer 1

Staphyloccocus aureus

Question 2

Coagulase Negative indicates what further step to differentiate the organism?

Answer 2

Novobiocin sensitivity test
Sensitive: S epidermidis
Resistant: S. sapropyticus

Question 3

Toxin responsible for scarlet fever

Answer 3

Erythrogenic toxin

Question 4

Highly antigenic toxin seen in S. pyogenes causing antibody formation

Answer 4

Streptolysin O

Question 5

Test to document antecedent pharyngitis for RHD

Answer 5

ASO (anti-streptolysin O) titer

Question 6

Weakest defense of the Group A Strep w/c inhibits the complement activation and prevent phagocytosis

Answer 6

M protein

Question 7

Test to document antecedent skin infection in post-strep GN

Answer 7

Anti-DNAse B titer

Question 8

Toxin responsible for the rapid progression of necrotizing fascitis

Answer 8

Exotoxin B

Question 9

Toxin responsible for ascending infection in cellulitis

Answer 9

Hyaluronidase (spreading factor)

Question 10

How do you differentiate from enterococcus and nonenterococcus

Answer 10

6.5% NaCl

Question 11

Pathogenic factor seen in S. pneumoniae responsible for colonization

Answer 11

IgA protease

Question 12

Virulence factor which inhibits a signal transduction in cell division, seen in bacillus anthracis

Answer 12

Lethal factor

Question 13

Calmodulin dependent adenylate cyclase seen in bacillus anthracis

Answer 13

Edema factor

Question 14

Virulence factor seen in anthrax which mediates entry of the other factors into the cell without which, no effects will be manifested

Answer 14

Protective antigen

Question 15

Most common cause of death in anthrax

Answer 15

Pulmonary hemorrhage

Question 16

Bacterial pathogens which produce endospores

Answer 16

Bacillus

Clostridium

Question 17

Emetic form of food poisoning from bacillus cereus implicates which pathogenic factor?

Answer 17

Heat stable Enterotoxin

Question 18

Protease which cleaves proteins involved in glycine release from the spinal cord, seen in Clostridium tetani

Answer 18

Tetanospasmin

Question 19

Pattern of paralysis in Clostridium botulism

Answer 19

Descending pattern of flaccid paralysis

Question 20

Test for toxigenicity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer 20

Modified Elek Test

Question 21

Forms dark black clononies on potassium tellurite agar

Answer 21

Corynebacterium diphtherieae

Question 22

Shows rapidly spreading growth on egg yolk agar

Answer 22

Clostridium perfingens

Question 23

Drug often implicated in in-hospital clostridium difficile infection

Answer 23

Clindamycin

also seen in 2nd and 3rd gen cephalosporins and clindamycin

Question 24

Causes pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 24

Clostridium difficile

Question 25

Beta-prophage encoded toxins

Answer 25

``` [ABCDE] Shiga-like toxin Botolinum toxin Cholera toxin Diphtheria toxin Erythrogenic toxin ```

Question 26

Injection of diphtheria toxin to determine susceptibility to infection

Answer 26

Schick test

Question 27

Test designed to indicate whether or not a person is immune to scarlet fever

Answer 27

Dick test

Question 28

Exhibits tumbling motility

Answer 28

Listeria Monocytegenes

Question 29

Pathogenic factor which propels the bacteria through the membranes of one human cell to another, seen in Listeria

Answer 29

Actin rockets

Question 30

Antibiotics found in Thayer Martin Agar

Answer 30

Vancomycin, Polymyxin/ Colistin, and Nystatin

Question 31

Factors required for growth of H. influenzae on chocolate agar

Answer 31

``` V factor (NAD) X factor (hematin) ```

Question 32

Factor which promotes adherence and invasion into epithelial cells causing opaque colonies, seen in N gonorrheae

Answer 32

Opa protein

Question 33

Usual coinfection with Gonorrhea and treatment regimen

Answer 33

Chlamydia; Ceftriaxone + Doxycycline

Question 34

Most common cause of epiglottitis

Answer 34

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 35

What organism is cultured on Bordet-Gengou agar or Regan Lowe charcoal medium?

Answer 35

Bordatella pertussis

Question 36

Factor responsible for "whooping" cough

Answer 36

Tracheal cytotoxin

Question 37

Staining used for Legionella

Answer 37

Silver stain

Question 38

Where is legionella cultured?

Answer 38

Charcoal yeast agar

Question 39

Causative organism of pontiac fever

Answer 39

Legionella pneumophila

Question 40

Gram negative rod, lactose fermenter, urease positive

Answer 40

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Question 41

What type of agar is used to culture C. jejuni?

Answer 41

Skirrow's agar

Question 42

Produces lactose fermenting colonies on EMB or MacConkey agar

Answer 42

Escherichia coli

Question 43

E.coli strain most commonly associated with HUS

Answer 43

O157: H7

Question 44

Organisms implicated in neonatal meningitis

Answer 44

Group B Strep E. coli Listeria monocytogenes

Question 45

Factor which inhibits the 60S subunit of ribosomes, resulting in decreased protein synthesis in GIT mucosa

Answer 45

Shiga-like toxin

Question 46

Factor responsible for pseudomembranes (mucosal cell death)

Answer 46

Exotoxin A and B of C difficile

Question 47

Factor which inhibits elongation factor 2 resulting in decreased protein synthesis, seen in pseudomonas

Answer 47

Exotocin A of Pseudomonas

Question 48

Test used to detect salmonella antibodies in patient's serum

Answer 48

Widal test

Question 49

Osteomyelitis in burn patients is often caused by:

Answer 49

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 50

Osteomyelitis in IV drug abusers is often caused by:

Answer 50

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 51

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell anemia

Answer 51

Salmonella choleraesuis

Question 52

Exhibits shooting star motility

Answer 52

Vibrio cholera

Question 53

Exhibits swarming motility

Answer 53

Proteus mirabilis

Question 54

Where is pseudomonas grown

Answer 54

Cetrimide agar

Question 55

Medium used to grow Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 55

Lowenstein-Jensen medium

Question 56

Most important virulent factor of TB which inhibits WBC migration

Answer 56

Cord factor