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PLE > Gynecology > Flashcards

Gynecology Flashcards

1
Q

Single most consistent determinant of maleness

A

Y chromosome specifically the SRY gene

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2
Q

Gold standard for identifying sex

A

Karyotyping

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3
Q

At what age of gestation do the ovaries begin to develop in females?

A

11th or 12th week

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4
Q

Structures derived from the mesonephric duct/ Wolffian duct

A

Vas deferens, epididymis, and seminal vesicles

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5
Q

The Wolffian ducts develop in males at what age of gestation?

A

9th or 10th week

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6
Q

The AMH is produced by

A

Sertoli cells

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7
Q

Complete absence of one sex chromosome which presents as short stature, webbed neck, and streak ovaries

A

Turner Syndrome

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8
Q

Meiotic nondisjunction which leads to a 47, XXY genotype presenting as gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, and female-type hair distribution

A

Klinefelter Syndrome

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9
Q

What layer of the endometrium is shed during menstruation?

A

Stratum functionale

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10
Q

Blood supply to the basal 1/3 of the endometrium called the stratum basale

A

Straight arteries

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11
Q

Blood supply to the superficial 2/3 of the endometrium called the stratum functionale

A

Spiral arteries

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12
Q

Narrowest portion of the fallopian tube

A

Isthmus

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13
Q

Site of fertilization and the most common site of ectopic pregnancy

A

Ampulla

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14
Q

Muscle most important in control of urination, parturition, and maintaining fecal continence

A

Levator ani

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15
Q

At which anatomical landmark does the ureter change course and run forward and medially from the uterosacral ligaments to the base of the broad ligament

A

Level of the ischial spine

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16
Q

Narrow window of endometrial receptivity to blastocyst implantation

A

Days 20-24 of the menstrual cycle

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17
Q

Average number of days in a menstrual cycle

A

25-35 days (new)

28 +/- 7 days (old)

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18
Q

Specific location from which GnRH is released from

A

Arcuate nucleus of the median basal hypothalamus

19
Q

Hormone which acts on the theca celss to stimulate ovarian steroid hormone production

A

LH

20
Q

Hormone which acts on the granulosa cell to stimulate follicular growth

A

FSH

21
Q

When is the primary oocyte formed?

A

5th week AoG

22
Q

Primary oocytes are arrested in which phase?

A

Prophase

23
Q

Secondary oocytes are arrested in what phase?

A

Metaphase II

24
Q

What hormone rises in parallel to growth of a dominant follicle?

A

Estrogen

25
Q

Where are FSH receptors located?

A

Granulosa cells (on which FSH acts on duh)

26
Q

FSH stimulates conversion of androstenedione by cytochrome P450 into ____.

A

estradiol

27
Q

Cut-off age for diagnosis of primary amenorrhea

A

15 years

within 5 years of breast development if occurring by age 10

28
Q

First sign of puberty

A

Thelarche

29
Q

Last sign of puberty

A

Menarche

30
Q

Hormone produced by adipocytes which affects LH pulsatility and restore menstrual cycle

A

Leptin

31
Q

Hormone responsible for breast development

A

Estradiol

32
Q

Delayed onset puberty, greater wingspan to height ratio, and absent sense of smell due to failed migration of the GnRH neural placodes

A

Kallmann syndrome

33
Q

Most common cause of hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism

A

Turner Syndrome

34
Q

Uterovaginal agenesis with a 46 XX karyotype presenting with deafness, normal thelarche and pubarche, streatk uterus, and renal abnormality

A

Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome

35
Q

Absence of menses for an arbitrary period, usually longer than 6 to 12 months

A

Secondary amenorrhea

36
Q

Pituitary cell destruction due to hemorrhagic loss and hypotension during pregnancy

A

Sheehan Syndrome

37
Q

Chronic deficiency of the pituitary gland unrelated to pregnancy

A

Simmonds disease

38
Q

Cut-off age for premature ovarian failure

A

Menopause before 40yo

39
Q

Scarring of uterine tissue and hence, obliteration of the endometrial cavity from uterine surgery

A

Asherman syndrome

40
Q

Mutation the G3 protein causing premature menarche; triad of cafe au lait spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, cysts of skull and long bones

A

McCune Albright Syndrome

41
Q

Pathognomonic sign for labial adhesion

A

Midline vertical line

42
Q

Inability of a couple to conceive after 1 year of trying

A

Infertility

43
Q

Anti-acne component of COC

A

Progestin component

44
Q

Drug associated with liver adenoma

A

Mestranol

PLE (8 decks)

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