Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RS > micro 6 > Flashcards

micro 6 Flashcards

1
Q

opportunistic mycoses target immunocomprimised, what are the main types

A

aspergillosis
mucoromycosis
talaromycosis
pneumocystosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

important species of aspergillosis

A

a. fumigatus

a. flavus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the clinical presentation of aspergillosis depends on immune system , what are the types

A 
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) 
Aspergillosis bronchitis 
aspergilloma 
invasive aspergillosis 
semi invasive aspergillosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

explain allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

A

complex HS rxn seen in asthma patients
early type 1 IgE (mucus and bronchospasm)
late type 3 igG (bronchial wall damage and bronchiectasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

explain aspergillus bronchitis

A

fungal growth in diseased lung (symptoms of underlying cause)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

explain aspergilloma

A

growth in pre exist lung cavity forming a fungus ball ( fungus, mucus and inflammatory cells) , its asymp but maybe hemoptysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

explain invasive aspergillosis

A

affect severly immunocomprimised

endobronchial fungal growth and BV invasion causing thrombosis and lung infarction (angioinvasive)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

semi invasive aspergillosis explain it

A

similar to invasive but less immunocomprimised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

culturing aspergillosis is easy and may represent colonization or decontamination but positive results should be interpreted based on

A

type of sample
clinical info
histopathological pic of tissue
radiological pic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

antigen detection of aspergillosis what tests

A

galactomannan and beta-D-glucan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

treatment of ABPA

A

oral corticosteriod and in refractory fases omalizumab (against igE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Aspergilloma treatment

A

intracavity administration of amphotericin B and bronchail artery embolization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

invasive aspergillosis treatement

A

voriconazole is first line or amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what fungus can cause mucormycosis

A

mucor
rhizomucor
rhizopus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

risk factors of mucoromycosis

A

immunosuppression (hematological malignancy and post transplant )
diabetes and IV drug abuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

three main clinical presentation of mucormycosis

A

rhinocerebral
pulmonary
cutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

rhinocerebral mucormycosis is most common presentation in who

A

IV drug abuser and DM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

pulmonary mucormycosis is most common presentation in who

A

hematology patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what mucormycosis mimics invasive aspergillosis

A

pulmonary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what mucormycosis has an acute invasive infection in orbit , meningis…

A

rhinocerebral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

treatment of mucormycosis

A

DOC amphotericin B and surgical debridement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

talaromycosis caused by

A

talaromyces marneffei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

patient that has talaromycosis present with

A

fever, weight loss, hepatospleenemagly and LAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What can talaromycosis do to lung and face and skin

A

lung ; cavitation (hemoptysis)

face and skin ; papulonodular skin lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

talaromycosis and pneumocystosis diagnosed by

A

microscopic examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

culture of talaromycosis shows

A

dimorphism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

mild talaromycosis treated with

A

itraconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

severe talaromycosis treated with

A

amphotericin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

pneumocystosis caused by

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what two infections where classically associated with AIDS

A

talaromycosis and pneumocystosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the life cycle in pneumocystosis

A

asexual and sexual

32
Q

hallmark of pneumocystosis infection

A

interstitial pneumpnitis (pneumocystis pneumnitis / PCP)

33
Q

Radiologically lungs in pneumocystosis show

A

perihilar ground glass appearance

34
Q

first line to treat pneumocystosis/ PCP

A

co-trimoxazole

35
Q

thermally dimorphic systemic fungal pathogens means

A

mold at 25-30

yeast at 37

36
Q

no evidence of human to human transmission in systemic fungal pathogens

A

true

37
Q

main types of systemic mycoses

A

blastomycosis
histoplasmosis
coccidomycosis
paracoccidomycosis

38
Q

blastomycosis caused by

A

blastomyces dermatidis

39
Q

ecological niche of blastomycosis

A

decaying organic matter

40
Q

infection of blastomycosis due to

A

inhalation of conida

41
Q

who is more susceptible to blastomycosis than humans

A

dogs

42
Q

blastomycosis can cause

A

pulmonary blastomycosis and extrapulmonary blastomycosis

43
Q

pulmonary blastomycosis is

A

asymp or mild flu like

44
Q

extrapulmonary blastomycosis mainly affects

A

skin (due to hematogenous spread from lung )

45
Q

blastomycosis diagnosed through

A

microscopy shows double contoured broad based budding yeast

46
Q

is mold form diagnostic in blastomycosis

A

no

47
Q

mild or moderate blastomycosis treated with

A

itraconazole

48
Q

severe blastomycosis treated with

A

amophotericin B

49
Q

What causes histoplasmosis

A

histoplasma capsulatum

50
Q

ecological niche of histoplasmosis

A

soil with high nitrogen bird and bat dropping

51
Q

what two forms of histoplasmosis

A

american / classical

african

52
Q

classical histoplasmosis can be pulmonary or disseminated

A

true

53
Q

classical histoplasmosis pulmonary causes what

A

mediastinal fibrosis if chronic

54
Q

african histoplasmosis affects

A

skin and bone

55
Q

microscopy of histoplasmosis shows

A

narrow based budding yeast

56
Q

treatment of histoplasmosis

A

mild and moderate : itraconazole
severe : amphotericin B
(LIKE BLASTOMYCOSIS)

57
Q

Inhalation of conida of histoplasmosis is phagocytosed by pulmonary macrophage and neutrophils where they germinate to yeast

A

true

58
Q

what causes coccidioides

A

coccidioides immitis

59
Q

where is coccidioides fungus found

A

soil its growth enhanced by rodent and bat dropping

60
Q

coccidioides present in what 2 forms

A

primary and secondary

61
Q

when does secondary coccidioides happen

A

sympromatic for 6 weeks or longer

62
Q

microscopy of coccidioides shows

A

endosporulating spherules

63
Q

culture of coccidioides shows

A

barrel shaped arthroconida in mold form

64
Q

paracoccidioides caused by

A

paarcoccidioides brasilienses

65
Q

after inhalation of paracoccidioides fungus the majority will be asymp or symp

A

asymp (95%)

66
Q

what are the 2 clinical courses of paracoccidioides

A

acute/ subacute and chronic

67
Q

acute/ subacute paracoccidioides happens in what age group and what organ it affects

A 
children and below 30 
not pulmonary (LAP and HSM)
68
Q

chronic paracoccidioides happens why and where

A

reactivation of primary

pulmonary

69
Q

microscopy of paracoccidioides

A

yeast pilot wheel

70
Q

is mold yielded by culture diagnostic for paracoccidioides

A

no

71
Q

paragonimiasis caused by

A

paragonimus westermanii (trematode)

72
Q

life cycle of paragonimus

A
  1. released in sputum or stool and eggs hatch to miracidia
  2. miracidia infect snail and form cercaria
  3. cercaria released into water and infect crustacens where they become metacercarciae
  4. when ingested metacercariae would excyst into stomach to reach lung where it resides
73
Q

what is the 1st and 2nd intermediate host for paragonimus

A

1st is snail

2nd crustacean

74
Q

paragonimus diagnosed through

A

operculated eggs visualizing

75
Q

paragonimus treated with

A

praziquantel and triclabendazole

76
Q

clinical feature of paragonimus due to

A

larval migration (high eosinophilia)
residence of adult worm in lung
ectopic residence of adult worm

77
Q

cause of cerebral paragonmiassis

A

ectopic residence of adult worm in CNS

RS (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions