Mg

Question 1

What are the normal levels of Magnesium in the body?

Answer 1

• Normal = 0.7 - 1.05 mmol/L
• Hypermagnesaemia is rare
• HYPOmagnesaemia is more common

Question 3

Magnesium - function

Answer 3

Essential in enzyme systems, energy generation - stored in the skeleton

Question 4

Magnesium - excreted in

Answer 4

Excreted by kidneys therefore retained in renal failure, which causes hypermagnesaemia

Question 5

Hypermagnesaemia - symptoms

Answer 5

Causes muscle weakness and arrhythmias

Question 6

Hypermagnesaemia - treatment

Answer 6

Calcium gluconate injection is used for the management of magnesium toxicity

Question 7

Hypomagnaesemia - risks

Answer 7

• Tetany
• Arrhythmias
• Tachycardia
• Respiratory depression
• May cause secondary
  HYPOcalcaemia,
  Hypokalaemia and hyponatraemia

Question 8

What are the common causes of
HYPOmagnesaemia?

Answer 8

1. Drugs
2. Severe diarrhoea
3. Alcoholism

Question 9

Which drugs cause HYPOmagnesaemia?

Answer 9

1. Thiazide diuretics
2. Loop diuretics
3. Ciclosporin
4. Bisphosphonates
5. PPIs e.g. Omeprazole

Question 10

How do you treat HYPOmagnesaemia?

Answer 10

MILD: PO
1. Magnesium Sulfate via injection

Question 11

What are the other uses of Magnesium sulfate injection?

Answer 11

1. Severe acute asthma
2. Arrythmias
3. Seizure with eclampsia
4. Prevention of seizures in pre-eclampsia