Methods of securing and maintaining the airway Flashcards
Define normal respiration
It is the involuntary, unimpeded passage of air from the atmosphere to the lungs where Oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide.
What are the two openings to the human airway
1) Nasopharynx
2) Oropharynx
The epiglottis separates the oropharnx from the ______
Hypopharynx
How many cartilages make up the larynx? Group them also.
There are 9 cartilages that make up the larynx. They are grouped into;
PAIRED
1) Arythenoid
2) Corniculate
3) Cuneiform
UNPAIRED
1) Epiglottis
2) Cricoid
3) Thyroid
List the structures that make up the upper airway
1) Nose
2) Oral opening
3) Pharynx
4) Larynx
List the structures that make up the lower airway
1) Trachea
2) Lt and Rt principal bronchi
3) Secondary (lobar) bronchi
4) Tertiary (segmental) bronchi
5) Terminal bronchioles
6) Respiratory bronchioles
7) Alveolar sac
List the rationale (why, indications) for airway maintenance
1) Partial or complete airway obstruction
2) General anesthesia
3) Head trauma
4) Drowning
5) Choking
6) Head and neck tumors
7) Loss of consciousness
In airway assessment, what are the things to check for in general examination.
1) Shape of head or face
2) Obesity
3) Short neck
4) Huge chest mass
In airway assessment, what are the things to check for in specific examination.
1) Mouth opening
2) Upper lip bit test
3) Mallampati classification
4) Wilson score
5) Neck circumference
6) Thyromental distance
7) Sternomental distance
List the equipments that are needed in airways management
1) Airway device
2) Suction machine
3) IV access
4) Oxygen source
5) Oximetry and CO2 monitor
6) BP apparatus
List the 4 toes of airway device
1) Nasopharyngeal airway
2) Oropharyngeal airway
3) Laryngeal airway mask
4) Endotracheal tube
List 3 instruments that can help in airway management
1) Laryngoscope
2) Video laryngoscope
3) Magill forceps
Describe an oropharyngeal airway device
- It is a rigid, kink resistant device that pushes the tongue forward and Kris the epiglottis off the posterior pharyngeal wall.
- It is latex free
- It does not prevent aspiration
- It has different sizes (color coded)
- It has a flange to limit the depth of insertion
- It has a reinforced bite block
- It has a tapered end which gets to reduce oropharyngeal mucosa trauma during insertion
What are the 4 tires types of laryngeal mask airway (LMA)?
1) Typical LMA
2) LMA ProSeal
3) I-gel
4) Intubating LMA
What are the indicators for the use of LMA
1) Difficult intubation
2) Failed intubation
