Audiology And Deafness

Question 1

What is audiology?

Answer 1

Audiology is the study of hearing and hearing diseases.

Question 2

Who is the father of audiology?

Answer 2

Raymond carhart

Question 3

Define hearing loss

Answer 3

Hearing loss greater than 40 dB in the better hearing ear in adults(15 years or older) and greater than 30dB in the better hearing ear in children(0 to 14 years).

Question 4

List some of the impacts of hearing loss

Answer 4

●Loss of the ability to communicate
●Delayed language development in children
●Social isolation, loneliness and frustration, particularly among older people
●Reduced Academic performance and options of employment

Question 5

Which day is the world hearing day?

Answer 5

3rd of March

Question 6

What is the normal hearing decibel?

Answer 6

0 - 25db

Question 7

Discuss the aetiology of hearing loss

Answer 7

Congenital hearing loss
•Non genetic
•Genetic factors

Acquired hearing loss

Question 8

List the non-genetic congenital causes of hearing loss

Answer 8

NON-GENETIC

•Torch’s infection
➢Toxoplasmosis
➢Rubella
➢CMV
➢Herpes simplex virus
➢Syphilis
•Exposure to irradiation
•Drugs
•Prematurity
•Low birth weight
•Birth injuries
•Jaundice
•Maternal Diabetes
•Toxaemia pregnancy
•Birth Asphyxia

Question 9

List the genetic congenital causes of hearing loss

Answer 9

•Down syndrome (trisomy 21)

•Usher syndrome (vision loss, hearing loss and, sometimes, balance issues)

•Treacher collins syndrome (An inherited condition in which some bones and tissues in the face aren’t developed)

•Dysplasia/aplasia of the cochlea

•Crouzon syndrome (premature fusion of certain skull bones craniosynostosis)

•Alport syndrome (characterized by kidney disease, loss of hearing, and eye abnormalities)

•Pendred syndrome (deafness, goiter, and a partial organification defect)

•Waardenburg syndrome (involves deafness and pale skin, hair, and eye color)

Question 10

List the acquired causes of hearing loss

Answer 10

Infective
•Meningitis
•Lassa fever

Non-infective
•Acoustic trauma
•Noise induced hearing loss
•Drug Ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides (gentamicin)
NSAIDS
Diuretics – Frusemide.
Chloramphenicol
Quinine
Cytotoxic agents- Cisplatin, carboplatin
•Age related – Presbyacusis

Question 11

What are the types of hearing loss?

Answer 11

•Conductive
•Sensori-neural
•mixed

Question 12

What are the investigations for hearing loss

Answer 12

•Genetics
•Serology
•Hearing evaluation
➢Tympanometry
➢OAE
➢ABR/ASSR

Question 13

Classify hearing loss

Answer 13

•Normal hearing – 0-25dB- Adult
0-15dB-Children
•Mild hearing loss- 26-40dB
•Moderate hearing loss 41-55dB
•Moderately severe 56 – 70dB
•Severe -71-90dB
•Profound >90dB