Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Question 1

What are the zones of the prostate gland

Answer 1

Anterior fibromuscular zone
Central zone (proximal urethra)
Transitional zone (surrounds the urethra)
Peripheral zone

PACT

Question 2

Which zone is most affected in prostate cancer?

Answer 2

Peripheral zone

Question 3

Which zone is most affected in benign prostate hyperplasia?

Answer 3

Transitional zone

Question 4

Which zone is most affected in prostatitis?

Answer 4

Central zone

Question 5

What are the effects of hyperplasia on bladder outflow?

Answer 5

1) Compensatory hypertrophy of the detrusor muscle
- Trabeculation
- Saccules
- Diverticula

2) Increased cell mass This will cause detrusor instability presenting as;
- Frequency
- Urgency
- Nocturia

3) Prolonged contractility This stretches muscles and reduces ability of muscle to contract presenting as;
- Poor urinary stream
- Intermittency
- Incomplete emptying
- Hesitancy
This might cause acute urinary retention

Question 6

What are the 4 major proteins contained in prostatic

Answer 6

Prostate specific antigen (PSP)
Prostatic acid phosphate (PAP)
Prostatic specific membrane antigen (PSMA)
Prostatic specific protein 94 (PSP 94)