Methods of Cooking (Dry cooking methods). Flashcards
What is baking?
Baking is the cooking of foods such as flour mixtures, fruits, and vegetables by convection in the oven, without the addition of fat, except to prevent mixtures from sticking to cooking vessels.
What are the suitable foods for baking?
- Cakes.
- Pastries.
- Bread.
- Biscuits.
- Baked apples.
- Potatoes.
What are the points to remember when baking?
- Do not overfill the oevn. The hot air should circulate freely.
- Pre-heat the oven for at least 10 minutes before placing items in to bake.
- Place oven racks at correct hieghts.
- Do not open the door too soon or too often, or the temperature will fall.
What are the three advantages of baking?
- It is a quick method of cooking.
- Dishes are attractive.
- Few constituents of the food are lost.
What are the two disadvantages of baking?
- It is not economical to use the oven for one dish only, as much electricity or fuel is consumed in heating the oven.
- Food burns easily if not watched and timed carefully.
What is the definition of roasting?
Roasting is described as the cooking of meat or vegetables in the oven, basting them with hot fat to prevent drying and to develop color and flavor.
What are the four disadvantages of roasting?
- A lot of moisture is lost by evaporation and the joint may dry out.
- Meat may shrink markedly as a result of moisture loss and protein denaturation.
- High temperatures may result in toughening of protein and reduced digestibility.
- A great deal of fuel is required to heat the oven.
What are the four advantages of roasting?
- Tenderizers suitable joints of meat and develops their flavor.
- Little attention is required while the meat is roasting, except to baste the joint.
- Fuel can be saved if other items are baked in the oven at the same time.
- It is an appetizing method of cooking - the flavor of the meat is enhanced.
What is grilling?
Grilling is the cooking of food by radiation under a gas or electric grill but can also be used to brown food such as cheese, potatoes, sauces, and crumpets.
What are the two advantages of grilling?
- Grilling is a quick method of cooking and is therefore suitable for snacks and for time-saving meals.
- It is a healthy method of cooking because fat from the meat drains away.
What are the disadvantages of grilled?
- Grilling requires careful timing to prevent overcooking.
- Meat to be grilled must be tender and will therefore be more expensive.
What are the four suitable food for grilling?
- Tender meats (chump, loin).
- Steaks (rump, sirloin).
- Rashers.
- Cutlets.
- Poultry breasts.
- Sausages.
- Beefburgers.
- Offal (kidney, lamb’s liver).
- Fish fillets.
- Tomatoes.
- Mushrooms.
What is barbecuing?
Food is cooked on a wire rack over hot, glowering charcoal, and cooks by radiant heat from underneath, the charcoal imparts a flavor to the food which adds to the enjoyment of eating it.
What are six suitable foods for barbecuing?
- Sausages.
- Small meat and poultry joints.
- Oily fish.
- Corn on the cob (wrapped in foil).
- Burgers (meat or vegetarian).
- Kebabs.
What are the three steps to the procedure followed when barbecuing?
- The charcoal must not be too hot or the food will burn on the outside but be undercooking inside, which could lead to food poisoning.
- The charcoal should glow red, and not have high flames reaching the food above.
- During cooking food should be turned at regular intervals and basted in a moist marinade to prevent drying out and to add flavor.
