Methodologies

Question 1

Experiments

Answer 1

-A research method where the researcher manipulates the IV in order to measure the effect of the DV.
-2 conditions-control and experimental.
-Laboratory=controlled setting.
-Field=natural setting.

Question 2

Quasi-experiments

Answer 2

-A research method where the IV changes naturally and is not manipulated by the research.
-Natural=occours naturally outside.
-Difference=measured in a lab.

Question 3

Experiment strengths

Answer 3

Strengths
-Higher internal validity as extraneous variables are controlled.
-Can establish cause and effect.
-Usually be replicated as they are often conducted in controlled environments, so external validity can be established.

Question 4

Experiment weaknesses

Answer 4

-Studies often lack internal validity as demand characteristics are common due to participants knowing they are being studied.
-Lab experiments don’t reflect real life, so lack ecological validity.

Question 5

Quasi-experiments strengths

Answer 5

Strengths
-Can research a broader range of behaviours as they can study areas where it is unethical or impractical to manipulate the IV.
-High ecological validity as the IV is manipulated and DV is measured in a natural environment.

Question 6

Quasi-experiment weaknesses

Answer 6

-Difficult to establish causr and effect as confounding variables cannt be ruled out when the researcher doesn’t have control over the IV.
-Less external validity, and it can’t be repeated due to no control over IV or extraneous variables.