Metals in medicines part 2 Flashcards
what are alkali metals also known as
s block metals
what is a property of electrons of s block metals
1 electron in their outer shell
how does electronegativity change as you go down the group
decreases
how do s block metals appear
as salts not in elemental state
how are s block extracted
electrolysis starting from naCL or KCL
what is oxidation
loss of electron
what is reduction
gain of electrons
what is lithium used for
manic depression and bipolar disorder
describe the reactivity of lithium
lithium as a salt has the smallest ionic radius and is the least reactive of the alkali metals
what are the two isotopes of lithium
6LI + 7LI
what are the two isotopes of lithium used for
differentiate intra and extra cellular LI+ concentration
what form of lithium is least irritating to the i tract
LI2 CO3
how long is lithium monitored for and why
12 hours after administration by blood concentration as it has a narrow therapeutic index
is lithium soluble in lipids
no
how does lithium enter the cell
lithium sodium counter transport
anion exchange
unrelated transport molecules
how does lithium act as a mood stabilizer
inhibition of key enzyme in Binding domain
what are the adverse effects of lithium
tremors
memory problems
extreme doses cause nausea
lithium drugs include
camcolit
liskonum
priadel
what is the main biological role of sodium
osmoregulation
functioning of neurons and transmission of nerve impulses
passive transport mechanism
mode of action of several enzymes
what is a hypertonic solution
that means the solution has a higher concentration of solutes than the surrounding area. This area will gain water through osmosis
what is isotonic solution
isotonic, that means the solution has the same concentration of solutes as the surrounding area. No movement of water will occur;
what is hypotonic solution
hypotonic, that means the solution has a lower concentration of solutes than the surrounding area. This area will lose water through osmosis.
