Metals

Question 1

What are the 4 qualities of cast iron?

Answer 1

Ferrous
Made of pig iron with small quantities of other metals
93% iron and 4% carbon
Strong in compression, but brittle

Question 2

What are the uses of cast iron?

Answer 2

Metalwork vices, brake disks and drums, manhole covers, machinery bases and car cylinder blocks.

Question 3

What are the 4 qualities of mild steel?

Answer 3

Ferrous
Made of iron mixed with 0.15% to 3% carbon
Ductile and malleable
Rusts quickly when exposed to moisture

Question 4

What are the uses of mild steel?

Answer 4

Nuts, bolts, car bodies, furniture frames, gates and girders.

Question 5

What are the 4 qualities of tool steel?

Answer 5

Ferrous
Also known as medium or high carbon steel
Up to 1.5% carbon
Strong and hard

Question 6

What are the uses of tool steel?

Answer 6

Hand tools like screwdrivers, garden tools and springs.

Question 7

What are the 4 qualities of high speed steel?

Answer 7

Ferrous
High chromium, tungsten and vanadium content
Used in machines with high speeds and temperatures
Brittle but resistant to wear

Question 8

What are the uses of high speed steel?

Answer 8

Drill bits, lathe tools and milling cutters.

Question 9

What are the 4 qualities of stainless steel?

Answer 9

Ferrous
18% chromium and 8% nickel (iron alloy)
Resistant to wear and corrosion
Doesn’t rust

Question 10

What are the uses of stainless steel?

Answer 10

Cutlery, teapots, dishes, surgical instruments and kitchen sinks and fittings.

Question 11

What are the 5 qualities of aluminium?

Answer 11

Non-ferrous
Light grey
Can be polished to mirror-like quality
Light weight
Can be anodised to protect the surface

Question 12

What are the uses of aluminium?

Answer 12

Cooking foil, saucepans, chocolate wrappers, window frames, toy cars and ladders.

Question 13

What are the 4 qualities of copper?

Answer 13

Non-ferrous
Reddish-brown, but can turn green in oxygen
Excellent conductor of electricity and heat
Ductile and malleable

Question 14

What are the uses of copper?

Answer 14

Plumbing and electrical components and copper plated roofing.

Question 15

What are the 4 qualities of lead?

Answer 15

Non-ferrous
Heavy with blue-grey surface
Malleable and soft
High resistance to moisture and acid corrosion

Question 16

What are the uses of lead?

Answer 16

Car battery cells, weather proofing buildings and solder for plumbing.

Question 17

What are the 5 qualities of tin?

Answer 17

Non-ferrous
Ductile and malleable
Silver
Resistant to corrosion
Tinplate is steel with a tin plating

Question 18

What are the uses of tin?

Answer 18

Coating on food cans and similar containers.

Question 19

What are the 3 qualities of zinc?

Answer 19

Non-ferrous
Very resistant to corrosion from moisture
Very weak

Question 20

What are the uses of zinc?

Answer 20

Die casting alloys and as a coating on buckets, galvanised steel and screws.

Question 21

What are the 4 qualities of gold and silver?

Answer 21

Non-ferrous
Precious
Ductile and malleable
Silver tarnishes but gold is resistant to oxidation

Question 22

What are the uses of gold and silver?

Answer 22

Jewellery and plating on wires to increase contact and reduce resistance.

Question 23

What are the 4 properties of brass?

Answer 23

Alloy
Hard and yellow
65% copper and 35% zinc
Cast and machined, then chromium plated

Question 24

What are the uses of brass?

Answer 24

Decorative metal work and plumbing accessories.

Question 25

What are the 3 qualities of guilding metal?

Answer 25

Alloy 85% copper and 15% zinc Darker than brass

Question 26

What are the uses of guilding metal?

Answer 26

Sheet metal sculptures and architectural metalwork and jewellery.

Question 27

What are the 5 qualities of pewter?

Answer 27

``` Alloy Lead free (for safety) that’s easily cast 92% tin, 6% antimony and 2% copper Bright, mirror like finish when polished Low melting point ```

Question 28

What are the uses of pewter?

Answer 28

Drinking tankards, jewellery, picture frames, decorative gifts.

Question 29

What are the 3 qualities of casting alloy (LM4)?

Answer 29

Alloy Mostly aluminium with 3% copper and 5% silicon Appears like pure aluminium

Question 30

What are the uses of casting alloy (LM4)?

Answer 30

Sand casting and die casting engine components (especially on motorcycles).

Question 31

What are the 4 qualities of duralumin?

Answer 31

Alloy Aluminium alloy Almost as strong as steel but 30% of the weight 4% copper and 1% manganese and magnesium

Question 32

What are the uses of duralumin?

Answer 32

Aircraft bodies, cars and door handles.

Question 33

What is a steel rule used for?

Answer 33

Measuring lengths and setting odd legs and dividers.

Question 34

What is an engineering square used for?

Answer 34

Marking out 90 degree angles from the edge of the material. | Checking square corners on materials.

Question 35

What is an engineering bevel?

Answer 35

A sliding bevel that can be set to any angle.

Question 36

What is a scriber?

Answer 36

A tool used for marking accurate lines.

Question 37

What is marking blue?

Answer 37

Thin ink spread on a metal surface and left to dry. When it is scratched it leaves a clear, shiny line.

Question 38

What are dividers?

Answer 38

It looks like a compass and is used to mark out circles and arcs.

Question 39

What are odd-leg callipers?

Answer 39

Tools used to scribe lines parallel to the edge of a metal.

Question 40

What are surface gauges and surface plates used for?

Answer 40

Marking out accurate parallel lines.

Question 41

What is a dot punch?

Answer 41

A conical point with a 60 degree angle used to mark out drill holes on a surface or indentations on lines that have been marked out.

Question 42

What is a centre punch?

Answer 42

A centre punch has a sharp point to 90 degrees which marks out drill holes. They are often marked into dot punch holes to stop the drill wandering.

Question 43

What is welding?

Answer 43

Heating the edges of metals so that a pool of molten metal is formed, which links the pieces when the metal cools.

Question 44

What is soldering?

Answer 44

Cleaning a surface with flux and using a gas torch to heat the area, then applying solder which runs between two ‘parent metals’ to attach them.