Metals

Question 1

What is the symbol of sodium?

Answer 1

Na

Question 2

What is the symbol for potassium?

Answer 2

K

Question 3

What is the symbol for lithium?

Answer 3

Li

Question 4

What happens to lithium in water?

Answer 4

Effervesces because of hydrogen gas, floats, disappears after all has dissolved and produces a metal hydroxide and alkaline solution

Question 5

What happens to sodium in water?

Answer 5

Effervesces because of hydrogen gas, ignites, melts and forms a sphere and produces a metal hydroxide to make an alkaline solution

Question 6

What happens to potassium in water?

Answer 6

Ignites to a lilac flame, effervescence , made a pop sound, moved around, floats and produces a metal hydroxide to dissolve into alkaline solution

Question 7

What is the trend in reactivity in the group one metals?

Answer 7

As you travel down the group, the metals become more reactive. They all effervescence because they produced hydrogen gas, produced a metal hydroxide to make an alkaline solution and moved around whilst reacting

Question 8

Why are the group one metals called the alkali metals?

Answer 8

When they react with water, a metal hydroxide is produced which we can’t see an dissolve in the water to make an alkaline solution. Universal indicator test shows its alkaline as the water turns purple.

Question 9

What is the word equation for the reaction of metals with water?

Answer 9

Metal + water ———> metal hydroxide + hydrogen gas

Question 10

Word equation for reaction of metal with water

Answer 10

Metal + water ———} metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 11

What is the test for hydrogen?

Answer 11

Lit splint test, which is conducted by filling a test tube with water and then placing it face down in a beaker filled with water. Then add calcium into the beaker and slide the test tube over the top of the calcium and collect the gas given off. Then once all the water in the test tube is drained, cover mouth of test tube with thumb and hold the gas in the test tube. Add lit splint into the tube of gas and if it’s hydrogen gas, a squeaky pop will be heard.

Question 12

What is the result of the lit splint test?

Answer 12

Squeaky pop

Question 13

What is the word equation for metals with acid?

Answer 13

Metal + acid —-> metal salt + hydrogen

Question 14

Example Of symbol equation for metal and acid reaction

Answer 14

Na + HCl —> NaCl + H2

Question 15

What are the three acids?

Answer 15

Nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid

Question 16

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

Answer 16

HCl

Question 17

What is the formula for sulphuric acid?

Answer 17

H2SO4

Question 18

What is the formula for nitric acid?

Answer 18

HNO3

Question 19

Metal salts are……..

Answer 19

Neutral

Question 20

What is the order of reactivity series?

Answer 20

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc, iron, lead, hydrogen, copper, silver, gold

Question 21

Define displacement reaction

Answer 21

When a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal in its compound to produce a more reactive metal compound and a less reactive metal

Question 22

General equation for displacement reaction

Answer 22

More reactive metal + Less reactive metal compound —> more reactive metal compound + less reactive metal

Question 23

Define oxidation

Answer 23

When a substance gains oxygen

Question 24

Example of oxidation

Answer 24

Magnesium ———> magnesium oxide

Question 25

Define reduction

Answer 25

When a substance loses oxygen

Question 26

Example of reduction

Answer 26

Iron oxide ——> iron

Question 27

What is the word equation for the thermite reaction?

Answer 27

Aluminium + iron oxide —> aluminium oxide + iron

Question 28

How is thermite reaction used to weld railway tracks?

Answer 28

Molten iron is produced from the thermite reaction and is used to connect two pieces of track together

Question 29

Why isn’t the thermite reaction used on an industrial scale?

Answer 29

It is dangerous and produces a lot of heat and sparking which could cause explosions

Question 30

What is needed for iron to rust?

Answer 30

Water and oxygen

Question 31

What affect does salt have on rusting?

Answer 31

Increases rate of rusting

Question 32

What is the word equation for the rusting of iron?

Answer 32

Iron + oxygen -( in the presence of water)—> hydrated iron oxide

Question 33

Symbol equation for the rusting of iron

Answer 33

4Fe + 3O2 —> 2Fe2O3

Question 34

What are the two methods to prevent corrosion?

Answer 34

Barrier methods and sacrificial protection

Question 35

What is barrier method?

Answer 35

Covering the iron with a layer of something to prevent a layer of iron oxide to produce when iron reacts with oxygen

Question 36

What are examples of barrier methods?

Answer 36

Painting, plastic coating and oiling

Question 37

What is sacrificial protection and example?

Answer 37

Protecting iron against corrosion by using a more reactive metal to corrode in preference to the iron, such as in galvanising when zinc corrodes in preference to the iron or when magnesium blocks are placed near iron underwater

Question 38

What are the pros and cons of sacrificial protection?

Answer 38

PRO: The more reactive metal corrodes in preference to the iron because it’s more reactive than iron in water CON: the metal has to be replace because it completely corrodes over time

Question 39

What is galvanising?

Answer 39

Coating the iron in a thin layer of zinc

Question 40

Why is galvanising so good?

Answer 40

The coating of zinc provides a physical barrier between the water and the oxygen. The zinc corrodes in preference to the iron

Question 41

Do metals only react with acids if they are more or less reactive than hydrogen?

Answer 41

Metals only react with acids if they are MORE reactive than hydrogen

Question 42

Are metals on the right or left hand side of the periodic table?

Answer 42

LEFT HAND SIDE

Question 43

When a metal reacts with hydrochloric acid it becomes a metal salt….

Answer 43

Chloride

Question 44

When a metal reacts with nitric acid it becomes a metal salt…

Answer 44

Nitrate

Question 45

When a metal reacts with sulphuric acid it becomes a metal salt…

Answer 45

Sulphate

Question 46

What is it called when iron corrodes?

Answer 46

Rusting

Question 47

Metals only react with water if they are more/less reactive than hydrogen

Answer 47

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