Atoms And Ions

Question 1

Location, relative mass and relative charge of electron

Answer 1

Shells, 1/1836 mu, -1

Question 2

Location, relative mass and relative charge of proton

Answer 2

Nucleus, 1 mu, +1

Question 3

Location, relative mass and relative charge of neutron

Answer 3

Nucleus, 1 mu, 0

Question 4

Atomic number

Answer 4

The total amount of protons in the nucleus

Question 5

Mass number

Answer 5

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 6

Isotope

Answer 6

Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number

Question 7

Relative atomic mass

Answer 7

The mean average mass of all the isotopes of an element, taking into account their abundances

Question 8

Formula for relative atomic mass

Answer 8

(Abundance x mass) + (Abundance x mass) etc /100

Question 9

What ions do metals form? How do they do this?

Answer 9

Metals become positive ions by losing electrons

Question 10

How are ions formed?

Answer 10

By electron loss or gain

Question 11

What ions do non-metals form? How do they do this?

Answer 11

Non-metals become negative ions by gaining electrons

Question 12

Lithium ion

Answer 12

Li+

Question 13

Potassium ion

Answer 13

K+

Question 14

Sodium

Answer 14

Na+

Question 15

Ammonium

Answer 15

NH4+

Question 16

Silver

Answer 16

Ag+

Question 17

Magnesium

Answer 17

Mg2+

Question 18

Calcium

Answer 18

Ca2+

Question 19

Barium

Answer 19

Ba2+

Question 20

Zinc

Answer 20

Zn2+

Question 21

Aluminium

Answer 21

Al3+

Question 22

Chloride

Answer 22

Cl-

Question 23

Fluoride

Answer 23

F-

Question 24

Bromide

Answer 24

Br-

Question 25

Iodide

Answer 25

I-

Question 26

Nitrate

Answer 26

NO3-

Question 27

Hydroxide

Answer 27

OH-

Question 28

Oxide

Answer 28

O2-

Question 29

Sulfide

Answer 29

S2-

Question 30

Sulfate

Answer 30

SO4 2-

Question 31

Nitride

Answer 31

N3-

Question 32

Carbonate

Answer 32

CO3 2-

Question 33

What can be assumed when there are Roman numerals near an element?

Answer 33

The charge is positive and the numeral corresponds to that charge number

Question 34

Hydrochloric acid

Answer 34

HCl

Question 35

Sulfuric acid

Answer 35

H2SO4

Question 36

Nitric acid

Answer 36

HNO3

Question 37

What can you tell about an element from group number?

Answer 37

Number of electrons in valence shell

Question 38

What can you tell about an element from period number?

Answer 38

Number of electron shells

Question 39

what do elements in the same group share in common? why is this?

Answer 39

- elements in the same group have the same number of outer shell electrons, whcih affects how they react - as they all have the same number of outer shell electrons they all react in the same way - e.g the reactivity of elements in Group 1 increases as you go down

Question 40

list some characteristics of noble gases

Answer 40

- unreactive - non-metals - monatomic - colourless - non-flammable at room temp

Question 41

why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 41

- all noble gases have a full outer shell, whether it be 8 electrons or only 2 for helium - this means that they don't need to react with other elements to be stable