Atoms And Ions Flashcards
Location, relative mass and relative charge of electron
Shells, 1/1836 mu, -1
Location, relative mass and relative charge of proton
Nucleus, 1 mu, +1
Location, relative mass and relative charge of neutron
Nucleus, 1 mu, 0
Atomic number
The total amount of protons in the nucleus
Mass number
The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
Isotope
Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass number
Relative atomic mass
The mean average mass of all the isotopes of an element, taking into account their abundances
Formula for relative atomic mass
(Abundance x mass) + (Abundance x mass) etc /100
What ions do metals form? How do they do this?
Metals become positive ions by losing electrons
How are ions formed?
By electron loss or gain
What ions do non-metals form? How do they do this?
Non-metals become negative ions by gaining electrons
Lithium ion
Li+
Potassium ion
K+
Sodium
Na+
Ammonium
NH4+
Silver
Ag+
Magnesium
Mg2+
Calcium
Ca2+
Barium
Ba2+
Zinc
Zn2+
Aluminium
Al3+
Chloride
Cl-
Fluoride
F-
Bromide
Br-
Iodide
I-
Nitrate
NO3-
Hydroxide
OH-
Oxide
O2-
Sulfide
S2-
Sulfate
SO4 2-
Nitride
N3-
Carbonate
CO3 2-
What can be assumed when there are Roman numerals near an element?
The charge is positive and the numeral corresponds to that charge number
Hydrochloric acid
HCl
Sulfuric acid
H2SO4
Nitric acid
HNO3
What can you tell about an element from group number?
Number of electrons in valence shell
What can you tell about an element from period number?
Number of electron shells