Atoms Flashcards
Proton
Relative mass = 1mu
Relative charge = +1
Position inside atom = nucleus
Neutron
Relative mass = 1mu
Relative charge = 0
Position inside atom = nucleus
Electron
Relative mass = 1/1836 mu
Relative charge = -1
Position inside atom= electron shell
Mass number
The amount of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom
Atomic number
The amount of protons in nucleus
Is the amount of protons always the same or different to the amount of electrons in neutrally charged objects?
The amount of protons and electrons are always the same as then there is an equal amount of positive and negative charge in the atom, so it’s neutral.
Ion
A charged particle in which there aren’t the same amount of protons and electrons
What type of ion does an atom that loses an electron become?
Positive as there are more protons than electrons
What type of ion is an atom the gains an electron become?
Negative as there are more electrons than protons
What are the + ions?
Sodium Na+
Lithium Li+
Potassium K+
What are the 2+ ions
Calcium Ca2+
Magnesium Mg2+
Barium Ba2+
What are the 3+ ions?
Aluminium Al3+
What are the - ions?
Hydrogen H-
Fluoride F-
Chloride Cl-
Iodide I-
Bromide Br-
What are the 2- ions?
Oxide O2-
Sulfide S2-
What are the 3- ions?
Nitride N3-
isotope
an atom with the same amount of protons and electrons but not neutrons
relative atomic mass
the average mass of an element’s atoms compared to 1/12 the mass of a carbon atom
formula to calculate relative atomic mass
(( I1 mass x I1 % abundance) + ( I2 mass x I2 % abundance)) / 100
how to find the electronic configuration of an element from position on periodic table
Atomic (proton) number = number of electrons so whatever number it is on the periodic table, just put that number into the electronic config of 2882 and draw it.
