Metal reactions and Electrolysis Flashcards
What is produced when metals react with oxygen? Provide an example
When a metal reacts with oxygen a metal oxide is formed, an example of this is sodium oxide when is a reaction between the metal sodium and oxygen.
What happens to a metal when it reacts with different substances?
When metals react with other substances, the metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions.
How are unreactive metals found?
Unreactive metals are found in the Earth as the metal itself, but most metals are found as compounds that require chemical reactions to extract the metal.
How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted?
Metals that are less reactive than carbon can be produced by heating the metal compound in the ore with carbon,
How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted?
Metals that are more reactive than carbon, such as aluminium, are extracted by electrolysis. While metals less reactive than carbon, such as iron, may be extracted by reduction with carbon. However, a chemical reaction may be needed or remove other elements that might contaminate the metal.
What are oxidation and reduction reactions?
An oxidation reaction is any chemical reaction that involves the moving of electrons. Specifically, it means the substance that gives away electrons is oxidized. A reduction reaction is a chemical reaction that involves gaining electrons by one of the atoms involved in the reaction between two chemicals. The term refers to the element that accepts electrons, as the oxidation state of the element that gives electrons is lowered.
Describe electrolysis
Electrolysis is the process by which an electric current is passed through a substance to effect a chemical change. The process is carried out in an electrolytic cell. An apparatus consisting of positive and negative electrodes held apart and dipped into a solution containing positively and negatively charged ions.
Which ion moves to which electrode in electrolysis?
Positivley charged ions move to th negative elctrode during electrolysis. They recieve electrons and are reduced. Negatively charged ions move to the positive electrode during electrolysis.
