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BIOCHEMISTRY > METABOLISM OF ACYLGLYCEROL & SPHINGOSINE > Flashcards

METABOLISM OF ACYLGLYCEROL & SPHINGOSINE Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first step in lipogenesis?

A

Glycerol-3-phosphate + fatty acyl-CoA → phosphatidic acid (phosphatidine)

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2
Q

What is the primary energy storage lipid?

A

Triacylglycerol (Triacylglyceride)

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3
Q

What enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of triacylglycerol?

A

Lipoprotein lipase

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4
Q

What is the product of diacylglycerol lipolysis?

A

Monoacylglycerol + fatty acid

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5
Q

What is the precursor for sphingolipid synthesis?

A

Serine + palmitoyl-CoA

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6
Q

What is the intermediate in sphingomyelin synthesis?

A

Ceramide

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7
Q

What enzyme catalyzes sphingomyelin breakdown?

A

Sphingomyelinase

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8
Q

What is the product of ceramide breakdown?

A

Sphingosine + fatty acid

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9
Q

What hormone regulates lipogenesis?

A

Insulin

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10
Q

What enzyme catalyzes fatty acid synthesis?

A

Fatty acid synthase

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11
Q

What pathway is involved in sphingolipid signaling?

A

Sphingosine kinase pathway

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12
Q

What is the role of glycerol-3-phosphate in lipogenesis?

A

Precursor of phosphatidic acid

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13
Q

What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol to triacylglycerol?

A

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase

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14
Q

What is the primary fate of fatty acids released during lipolysis?

A

Oxidation for energy

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15
Q

What hormone inhibits lipogenesis?

A

Epinephrine

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16
Q

What is the function of sphingosine kinase?

A

Phosphorylates sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate

17
Q

What is the role of ceramide in cell signaling?

A

Apoptosis and cell growth regulation

18
Q

What enzyme catalyzes the breakdown of sphingomyelin?

A

Acid sphingomyelinase

19
Q

How does insulin regulate lipogenesis?

A

Stimulates glycerol-3-phosphate synthesis

20
Q

What is the role of lipoprotein lipase in lipid metabolism?

A

Hydrolyzes triacylglycerol in lipoproteins

21
Q

What enzyme catalyzes fatty acid elongation?

A

Fatty acid elongase

22
Q

What pathway is involved in sphingolipid synthesis?

A

Ceramide synthesis pathway

23
Q

Enzyme catalyzing triacylglycerol breakdown

A

Lipoprotein lipase

24
Q

Constitute the majority of lipids in the body

A

Acylglycerols

25
Q

Major lipids in fat deposits

A

Triacylglycerol

26
Q

Major component of lung surfactant, lack in Respiratory distress syndrome

A

Dipalmitoyl lecithin

27
Q

Found in the cell membrabe act as hormone second messenger & platelet activating factor

A

Inositol phospholipids

28
Q

Found in the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane; contain sphingosine & sugar residues

A

Gkycosphingolipids

29
Q

Disorder due to a genetic defect in the pathway for glycolipid degradation in the lysosomes

A

Glycolipid storage diseases

30
Q

It initiates the catabolism of Triacylglycerols

A

Hydrolysis

31
Q

Triacylglyceriols hydrolyzed by a lipase into:

A

Fatty acids & glycerol

32
Q

Hydrolysis of Triacylglycerol occurs in the

A

Adipose tissue

33
Q

Utilization of glycerol depends on what enzyme present to such tissues

A

Glycerol kinase

34
Q

Glycerol kinase found in significant amount in

A

Liver
Kidney
Intestine
Brown adipose tissus
Lactating mammary gland

35
Q

These lipids are formedby acylation of triose phosphate

A

Triacylglycerols & Phosphoglycerols

36
Q

Significant branch point in the pathway

A

Phosphatidate & diacylglycerol steps

37
Q

Precursor for phosphoglycerols

A

BIOCHEMISTRY (11 decks)

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