metabolism Flashcards
what is metabolism
the chemical reactions that build up and break down molecules i the body.
involves energy production and use with in the cell, all living things require energy
what is ATP and how does it function
adenosine triphosphate, it stores energy in cells, and is ready to be usDd quickly, when needed the terminal breaks of and energy is released, ADP IS LEFT
define energy
the capacity for doing work or causing change, is cannot be created or destroyed only change in forms, ultimate source of energy is the sun.
What is the electron transport chain
the slow release of energy to avoid damaging the cell, released by the transfer of electrons from one acceptor molecule to the next, produces ATP
what is photosynthesis
process of turning solar energy into chemical energy stored in bonds of glucose, it will occur in the chloroplasts
what are the basics of the light dependent cycle
occurs in thylakoids of grana, splits water molecules, energizes electrons, with solar energy, goal is to produce ATP
how does the dependent cycle produce energy
the solar energy causes the chlorophyll to release 2 high eneRgy electron to the ETS. To form ATP
Split H ions are picked up by NADP TO become NADPH
NADPH and ATP are4 used in light independent cycle
what are the basics of the calvin cycle
occurs in in the stroma, goal i9s to build carbohydrate molecules, uses ATP to join CO2 molecules together with H ions to build sugar
How is PGAL involved in the light dependent cycle
formed by ATP joining PGA and h ions together, used to create complex carbohydrates like glucose
what is cellular respiration
process of the mitchondriainn the cells of living organisms breaks down glucose, converting NRG stored in glucose to a form the cell can use.
what are the three steps of aerobic respiration
- GLYCOLOSIS, 2 ATP split glucose into 2 PGAL, which each become a pyruvate NADH is also formed
- KREBS CYCLE, occurs in the matrix, requires 2 ATP, breaks down the pyruvate, H an d electrons are pIcked up and form NADH and FADH, energy release produces 1 ATP
- ETS, H and electrons from NADH and FADH are sent down releasing energy and pricing lots of ATP
What is fermentation
does not require oxygen to make ATP, pretty much glycolysis with absence of oxygen and pyruvate is converted into more stable products
how alcohol and lactate fermentation different
alcohol i9s used by yeast and oyruvate is rearranged into ethanol
lactate is used by bacteria and muscle, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid
compare ATP production between anaerobic and aerobic
aerobic 36
anaerobic 2
