metabolic causes

Question 1

Airway obstruction?

Answer 1

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 2

Acute lung disease?

Answer 2

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 3

Chronic lung disease?

Answer 3

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 4

Opioids?

Answer 4

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 5

Sedatives?

Answer 5

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 6

Weakening of respiratory muscles?

Answer 6

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 7

Obesity?

Answer 7

Resp. acidosis (hypoventilation)

Question 8

Anxiety?

Answer 8

Resp. alkalosis (hyperventilation)

Question 9

Panic attack?

Answer 9

Resp. alkalosis (hyperventilation)

Question 10

Hypoxemia?

Answer 10

Resp. alkalosis (hyperventilation)

Question 11

High altitude?

Answer 11

It leads to hypoxemia. Resp. alkalosis (hyperventilation)

Question 12

Tumor?

Answer 12

Resp. alkalosis (hyperventilation)

Question 13

Pulmonary embolism?

Answer 13

Resp. alkalosis (hyperventilation)

Question 14

Loop diuretics?

Answer 14

Metabolic alkalosis (H loss/HCO3 excess)

Question 15

Vomiting?

Answer 15

Metabolic alkalosis (H loss/HCO3 excess)
Loss of H, Na, K, Cl

Question 16

Thiazides?

Answer 16

Metabolic alkalosis (H loss/HCO3 excess)

Question 17

Antacid use?

Answer 17

Metabolic alkalosis (H loss/HCO3 excess)

Question 18

Hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 18

Metabolic alkalosis (H loss/HCO3 excess) 
Sulaiko Na, excr. K ir H, o HCO3 retained along with Na.

Question 19

Methanol (formic acid)?

Answer 19

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 20

Uremia?

Answer 20

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 21

DKA?

Answer 21

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 22

Propylene glycol?

Answer 22

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 23

Iron tablets of INH?

Answer 23

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 24

Lactic acidosis?

Answer 24

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 25

Ethylene glycol (oxalic acid)

Answer 25

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 26

Salicylates (late)

Answer 26

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L)

Question 27

What is increased anion gap? | MUDPILES

Answer 27

Metabolic acidosis. Increased Anion gap (>12mEq/L). | Accumulation of unmeasured acidic compounds.

Question 28

Hyperchloremia/hyperalimentation?

Answer 28

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 29

Addison disease?

Answer 29

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 30

Renal tubular necrosis? proximal

Answer 30

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 31

Diarrhea?

Answer 31

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 32

Acetazolamide?

Answer 32

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 33

Spironolactone

Answer 33

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 34

Saline infusion (excess)?

Answer 34

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L)

Question 35

What is normal anion gap?

Answer 35

Metabolic acidosis. Normal Anion gap (8-12mEq/L). | Loss og HCO3

Question 36

In Acidosis what H, K ir Mg?

Answer 36

H juda i lastele (is kraujo) K ir Mg iseina is lasteles i krauja. Hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia.

Question 37

In Alkalosis what H, K ir Mg?

Answer 37

H juda is lastele (i kraujo) K ir Mg ieina i lastele is kraujo. Hypokalemia ir hypomagnesemia.

Question 38

Why H, K and Mg shifts are needed?

Answer 38

Shifts help to maintain electrical balance inside the cell.