Metabolic bone diseases Flashcards
1
Q
Osteoporosis- Eti
A
- 2 million fractures/ year- spine & hip
- W>M
- Aging, steroids, alcohol, smoking, hormone deficiency
- High morbidity & mortality
- Increase bone resorption
2
Q
Osteoporosis- Sx
A
- Back pain, spontaneous fracture
- Loss of height
- Femoral head & distal radius fracture
3
Q
Osteoporosis- Dx
A
- DXA: T score <2,5
- Xray- demineralization & compression
- Vit D deficiency
- Normal - elevated alk phos
- Ca, phosphate & PTH normal
4
Q
Osteoporosis- Tx
A
- Calcium & Vit D- increase in diet
- Bisphosphonates first line
- Reduce steroids, avoid falls, alcohol & smoking
- Wt bearing activity
5
Q
Osteomalacia- Eti
A
- Defective skeletal mineralization
- Vit D deficiency most common
- Ca deficiency
- Phosphate deficiency
6
Q
Osteomalacia- Sx
A
- Bone pain & fibromyalgia
- Prox. musc. weakness (pelvic girdle)
- pathologic fractures
- Increased risk of MS, RA, DM
7
Q
Osteomalacia- Dx
A
- DXA scan
- Xray: bone thinning,fracture
- Low calcium, Vit D
8
Q
Osteomalacia- Tx
A
- Vit D
- Calcium
- Phosphates
9
Q
Paget disease of bone- Eti
A
- Most common in UK
- M>W
- > 40, prevalence doubles each decade
- Genetic component, incidental finding
10
Q
Paget disease of bone- Sx
A
- Pain
- Bone softening- bowed tibia, kyphosis, fractures
- Increased bone vascularity
- 1+ bony lesion with high turnover & disorganized osteoid formation
11
Q
Paget disease of bone- Dx
A
- Elevated calcium, alk phos, hydroxyproline
- XR- Expanded, dense bone with multiple fissure fractures
12
Q
Paget disease of bone- Tx
A
- Oral bisphosphonates
- Clinical surveillance for asymptomatic
13
Q
Osteogenesis imperfecta- Eti
A
- Genetically inherited brittle bone disease
- Commonly collagen mutation
14
Q
Osteogenesis imperfecta- Sx
A
- Blue sclera
- Increased fractures
- Short stature
- Restrictive lung disease
- Scoliosis
- Dentinogenesis imperfecta
15
Q
Osteogenesis imperfecta- Dx
A
- DNA analysis
