MEQ Specimin 1a Flashcards
2 innate mechanisms that prevent micro-organisms from reaching the lungs
nasal hair, muco-ciliary escalator, mucus, coughing, sneezing, warming of inspired air by nose, humidification
BP using PVR and CO
BP = CO x PVR
which types of bv is major site for PVR?
arteriole
3 metabolic or physiologcal factors that reduce peripheral vascular resistance
- NO/metabolic breakdown -products
- hypoxia
- hypercapnia
- reduced sympathetic stimulation
parasympathetic stimulation
2 anatomical sites where arterial baroreceptors are located
aortic arch, carotid sinus
2 effects that stimulating arterial baroreceptors has on systemic BP
decreased sympathetic NS stimulation, decreased arteriolar vasoconstriction, decreased BP
normal systolic and diastolic BP for adult male age 30?
120/80. range of (100/70 to 144/94)
normal oesophagus lined by what type of epithelium?
stratified squamous non-keratinising
3 structures that lie anterior to oesophagus in the thorax
left main bronchus
aortic arch
left atrium
diaphragm
what hormone is responsible for the production of gastric juice and which 2 organs secrete it?
gastrin
stomach and pancreas
which artery supplies the terminal ileum and ascending colon?
superior mesenteric artery
how is 5 year survival rate determined?
proportion of diagnosed patients still living 5 years after diagnosis of the disease
how much absolute alcohol is there in a unit of alcohol?
8 grams of absolute alcohol. half a pint of beer, 1 small glass of wine, 1 glass of sherry
5 ways stress can manifest itself. list them as well as how pt would be effected
PC BEB
biochemical - endorphin levels altered/cortisol
emotional - mood swing, tearful
behavioural - alcohol, poor sleep
physiological - headache
cognitive - negative thoughts, poor concentration
what pattern of mendelian inheritance does the abnormal CF gene show?
autosomal recessive
3 functions of the cell membrane of bronchial epithelial cells
serparating intracellular contents from ex
regulating access to the cell
acting as semi-permeable membrane
regulating molecular trans in and out
intercellular signalling/hosting membrane receptors
maintaining cell shape
allowing movement of the cell
lipids within the cell membrane are amphipathic, what does this mean?
substances are both hydrophobic and hydrophilic
fusion of vacuoles with cell membrane, and subsequent release of their contents is called what?
exocytosis
3 key surface markings of the oblique fissure?
back: T2.
MAL: 4th rib
ant:end of 6th rib
why do small changes i nthe diameter of a blood vessel have a very great effect on the resistance to flow of a fluid through that vessel?
Pouiselle’s law or a derivative of it
what part of the heart are you feeling when palpating the apex beat?
left ventricle
2 key stages of fat digestion in the gut
emulsification
triglyceride hydrolysis
main function of bile micelles in fat absorption from the gut?
lipid transport system
