Mental Status & Development Flashcards
10 parts of the mental status exam?
appearance behavior speech mood affect thought content thought process perception cognition insight/judgement
4 components of the behavior eval?
attitude
eye contact
tics/tremors
psychomotor agitation/retardation
4 components of the speech eval?
rate
volume
spontaneity
quality
What is mood?
the pt’s description of their feelings
What is affect?
observed emotion
3 components of affect?
congruency with mood
quality (dysphoric, euthymic, euphoric)
range (flat, full, labile)
What is thought process?
manner in which thoughts are connected/associated
3 common disorders of thought?
flight of ideas (rapidly shifting)
echolalia (rhymes instead of meaning)
looseness of association (fragmented and illogical)
4 components of thought content eval?
suicidal/homicidal
obsessions
fears/phobias
delusions
What is idea of reference?
assuming something is targeted at you
What are hallucinations?
perceptions in the absence of stimuli
What are illusions?
misperception of an actual stimulus
4 categories of development?
physical
language
social/emotional
cognitive
Gross motor milestones at 2mo, 4mo, 6mo, 9mo, 12mo, 15mo, 18mo, 24mo?
2 - hold up head 4 - bears weight 6 - sits with minimal support 9 - sits without support 12 - stand alone 15 - walk alone 18 - walk up steps 24 - runs
Fine motor milestones at 4mo, 6mo, 9mo?
4 - grasp
6 - pass objects hand-to-hand
9 - pincer grasp
When is the explosion in language?
18-24 mo
Age range for first words?
7-12 mo
Age range for two-word questions?
1-2 yrs
Age range for 3-words and attributes?
2-3 yrs
Age range for sentences?
3-4 yrs
Speech milestones for 2,4,6,9,12,15,18,24 mo?
2 - smiles 4 - laught/squeal 6 - imitate syllables 9 - nonspecific sounds 12 - respond to name, use mama/dada 15 -follow simple commands 18 - 6-word vocab 24 - combine words
Social milestones at 6wk, 2mo, 10mo, 12mo, 18mo, 24mo, 5yr?
6wk - social smile 2mo - recognize mom 10 - stranger anxiety 12 - wave bye bye 18 - imitate actions 24 - play interactive games 5yr - dress with supervision
Bowlby’s 4 characteristics of attachment?
proximity maintenance
safe haven
secure base
separation distress
2 hormones involved in attachment?
oxytocin & dopamine
What is reactive attachment disorder?
2 of following:
minimal social/emotional responsiveness
limited positive affect
episodes of unexplained irritability/sadness/fearfulness
What is disinhibited social engagement disorder?
2 of following:
reduced reticence in interactive with unfamiliar adults
overly familiar behavior
dimished checking back with caregiver
willingness to go off with someone unfamiliar
4 Piaget stages of cognitive development (and ages)?
sensorimotor (0-18 mo)
preoperational (18mo-6yr)
concrete operations (6-12)
formal operation (12+)
Piaget sensorimotor stage characteristics?
actions, senses
egocentric
putting things in mouth, throwing, hitting
Piaget preoperational stage characteristics?
language developing, pretend play, egocentric, transductive reasoning
Piaget concrete operations characteristics?
conservation, relational concepts, class inclusion, higher order representations (maps), irreversibility of death, concept of time
Piaget formal operations characteristics?
abstrct thought, problem solving, hypotheticals, future projection
What is the grey vs white matter trend during development?
white matter develops as neural connections are made
development ends with areas for higher-order processing
