Mental Health Module 3 - Psychosis Flashcards
Types of antipsychotics
typical (traditional)
atypical (advent, newer)
Atypical antipsychotics
quetiapine
risperidone
olanzapine
paliperidone
ziprasidone
aripiprazole
Typical antipsychotics
haloperidol
fluphenazine
trifluoperazine
chlorpromazine
thioridazine
loxapine
Antipsychotic side fx
extrapyramidal side fx (EPS)
orthostatic hypotension
hyperprolactinaemia
weight gain
sedation (anti-histamine fx)
cardiac arrhythmias
agranulocytosis
Mechanism of EPS
antipsychotics cause a decrease in dopamine causing an imbalance between dopamine/Ach
increased Ach associated with parkinsonism
EPS symptoms
parkinsons/pseudo-parkinsons
acute dystonia
akathisia
tardive dyskinesia
tardive dystonia
tardive akathisia
Anticholinergic side fx
“cant see, cant spit, cant pee, cant shit”
dry mouth
blurred vision
decreased lacrimation
mydriasis
photophobia
constipation
urinary hesitancy/retention
tachycardia
Akathisia
restless, need to keep moving
uncomfortable for pt
side fx of antipsychotic
Tardive dyskinesia
impaired voluntary movements –> fragmented/incomplete
constant movement
oral movements (jaw moving, smacking, tongue movements)
grimacing, eye blinking
Histamine & sedation
blocking of H1 receptors –> sedation
Agranulocytosis
decrease in neutrophils/monocytes
<500 mm3
Types of schizophrenia symptoms
positive
negative
Positive Symptoms
loose associations
delusions
echopraxia
flight of ideas
hallucinations
ideas of reference
perserveration
Negative Symptoms
ambivalence
alogia (poverty of speech)
anhedonia (lack of enjoyment)
apathy
blunted affect
catatonia
flat affect
avolition
Types of delusions
grandiose
somatic
religious
nihilistic
paranoid
persecutory
reference
bizarre
