Mental Health Midterm 1

Question 1

What’s the onset for Schizophrenia in males?

Answer 1

15-25 yrs old

Question 2

What’s the onset for Schizophrenia in females?

Answer 2

25-35 yrs old

Question 3

Schizophrenia is made up of what factors?

Answer 3

Thought, affect and reality

Question 4

What are changes manifested by Schizophrenia?

Answer 4

Cognitive, perceptual, affective, motor and social domains

Question 5

What are potential predisposing factors?

Answer 5

Genetics, biochemical physiological, psychological and environment

Question 6

What are some biochemical factors?

Answer 6

-abnormal brain chemistry
-excess amount of dopamine receptors
-Antipsychotics lower levels by blocking receptors

Question 7

What are the DSM5 criteria for Schizophrenia?

Answer 7

Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized speech
Crossly disorganized/catatonic behaviour
Negative symptoms

Question 8

How long do the criteria need to be present for?

Answer 8

6 months

Question 9

how long does 1 of the three symptoms need to be present for?

Answer 9

1 month

Question 10

How long does 2 of the 3 symptoms need to be present for?

Answer 10

2 months

Question 11

What are the 4 phases of schizophrenia?

Answer 11

Premorbid, prodromal, active and residual

Question 12

What’s premorbid?

Answer 12

Before clear evidence of the illness
ex; withdrawn, shy, poor relationship etc..

Question 13

What’s prodromal?

Answer 13

More clearly manifest sign (2-5 yrs prior)
ex: Deterioration in function, social withdrawal
Depressive symptoms
Cognitive impairment

Question 14

What’s the active phase?

Answer 14

DSM 5 criteria

Question 15

What’s the residual phase?

Answer 15

Periods of exacerbation and remission ( managing it well)

Question 16

What components are a part of the assessment?

Answer 16

Positive/negative symptoms
Cognition
Perception
Emotions
Behaviour
Socialization

Question 17

What are examples of positive symptoms and explain them.

Answer 17

-Delusions- fake and false beliefs that can’t be reasoned
-Hallucination-false perceptions of the 5 senses with no trigger
-Illusion- false perception witht he 5 sense with a trigger
-Concrete thinking
-Disorganized speech(neologism, clang

Question 18

What are some negative symptoms?

Answer 18

• Flat or blunted affect
  Apathy
  Avolution
  Ambivalence
  poverty of speech/content

Question 19

What are some cognitive symptoms?

Answer 19

Memory- difficulty retrieving memory
Attention- difficulty concentrating
Decision making- impaired problem solving, lack of insight

Question 20

What are some perceptive symptoms?

Answer 20

hallucination
Illusion
Alteration in body image
Poor visceral pain recognition

Question 21

What are some emotion symptoms?

Answer 21

Apathy-lack of feeling
Difficulty naming emotions
Anhedonia- lack of joy

Question 22

What are some behavioural cognitive symptoms?

Answer 22

Forgetfulness
Challenges like completing a task
Literal interpretations

Question 23

What are some behavioural socialization symptoms?

Answer 23

-low self esteem
-Gender identity
-Social withdrawals and isolation
-social challenges

Question 24

What can you do to intervene ?

Answer 24

Communication technique
Safe therapeutic environment
Increase self esteem
Treatment

Question 25

What are some key communication techniques?

Answer 25

Seek validation, clarification Empathy Orient the client Share observation Offer choices

Question 26

What are some key safe therapeutic environmental technique?

Answer 26

Protect from self destructive tendencies Monitor physical needs Build trust Give your time

Question 27

How do you help them increase their self esteem?

Answer 27

Provide sincere attention Assist with ADL as needed Break tasks down Allow them to make decisions Support problem solving

Question 28

How do you deal with delusions?

Answer 28

Empathize with their feelings don't challenges the delusion Assess intensity, frequency and duration Identify triggers Focus on reality

Question 29

How do you dal with hallucination?

Answer 29

Be alert for clues Be alert for command hallucination(the voice is telling them to do something) Recognize affective components Determine the pattern Discuss reality Distract them

Question 30

What are some effective treatments for schizophrenia?

Answer 30

Psychotherapy Behaviour therapy Family therapy(education) Social skill development Meds- antipsychotic (risperidone, quetiapine, clozapine, olanzapine)