Adult Health Flashcards
What kind of pneumothorax is this?
“which is accumulation of air in the pleural space without an apparent antecedent event. It is caused by the rupture of small blebs (air-filled alveolar dilations <1 cm in diameter on the edge of the lung at the apex of the upper lobe or superior segment of the lower lobe) on the visceral pleural space”
Closed
What kind of pneumothorax is this?
“when air enters the pleural space through an opening in the chest wall. should be covered with a vented dressing. (A vented dressing is one secured on three sides with the fourth side left untaped.) This allows air to escape from the vent and decreases the likelihood of tension pneumothorax developing. “
Open
What kind of pneumothorax is this?
“a pneumothorax with rapid accumulation of air in the pleural space, causing severely high intrapleural pressures with resultant tension on the heart and great vessels”
Tension
What kind of pneumothorax is this?
“an accumulation of blood in the intrapleural space. It is frequently found in association with open pneumothorax and is then called a hemo-pneumothorax. Causes of hemothorax include chest trauma, lung malignancy, complications of anticoagulant therapy, pulmonary embolus, and tearing of pleural adhesions. “
Hemothorax
What kind of pneumothorax is this?
“the presence of lymphatic fluid in the pleural space because of a leak in the thoracic duct. Causes include trauma, surgical procedures, and malignancy. The thoracic duct is disrupted, and the chylous fluid, milky white with high lipid content, fills the
pleural space”
Chylothorax
The most common type of chest injury it:
Fractured ribs(5 through 10)
What is frail chest?
results from multiple rib fractures, causing instability of the chest wall. The chest wall cannot provide the bony structure necessary to maintain bellows action and ventilation.
What kind of valve is this?
“Another device that may be used to evacuate air from the pleural space is the Heimlich valve (Figure 30-10). This device consists of a rubber fluer one-way valve within a rigid plastic tube. It is aached to the external end of the chest tube.”
Heimlich valve
What kind of chest tube is this?
“Small chest tubes (“pigtail catheters”) are used in selected patients because they are less traumatic. The drains may be straight catheters or “pigtail” catheters (curled at the distal end, resembling a pig’s tail). Curled catheters are considered to be less traumatic than straight catheters”
Small chest tube
What is this?
“Blockage of pulmonary artery with thrombus, tumor, fat or air”
Pulmonary embolism
If a patient is experiencing dyspnea, difficulty breathing, or shortness of breath, dyspnea, and limitations in activity. Symptoms are usually insidious in onset and progressive.
what disease might this patient have?
COPD
What disease is this?
“Chronic inflammation found in the airways, lung parenchyma (respiratory bronchioles and alveoli), and pulmonary blood vessels
Often have characteristics of emphysema and chronic bronchitis”
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Nociception is:
Physiological process that communicates tissue damage to the central nervous system
Tranmission is
the movement of pain impulses from the site of transduction to the brain
Equianalgesic dose is
Dose of one analgesic equivalent in pain-relieving effects compared with another analgesic
