Mental Health - FINAL EXAM Terminology Flashcards
Resilience
Closely associated with the process of adapting, and helps people facing tragedies, loss, trauma, and severe stress.
- Personality Trait
- helps people adapt to stress
- move forward
- can be developed & enhanced
- AKA “Hardiness”
Parity
Refers to equality, and the Mental health Parity act required insurers to s that provide mental health coverage to offer annual and lifetime benefits at the same level provided for medical/surgical coverage.
DSM IV TR
Categorizes behavior or psychological syndromes which constitute mental disorders
- classifies DS not people!
- Includes cultural perspective
ICD 10
- Psych Dxs correspond to DSM IV
- Reimbursement based on assigned codes
- Helps identify epidemiological trends
Prevalence
the # of TOTAL cases, new & existing, in a given population during a given period of time.
Incidence
the # of NEW cases of metal disorders in a healthy population within a given time period
Clinical epidemiology
Adresses what happens after people with illnesses are seen by providers of clinical care.
-measures effects of tx on pt
GAF
Global Assessment of Function
Counter-transference
Nurse displaces feelings onto the client that are actually related to another person in the nurse’s life.
*Treater’s emotional response towards a pt.
Transference
A pt displaces the traits, etc. of another significant life figure onto the nurse/treater. Usually results in irrational attitudes and feelings.
*Pt’s feelings toward treater that are attributed to another important person in the pt’s life.
Operant conditioning
Voluntary behavior learned by reinforcement
Participant observer
treaters interact and become involved as they observe
Classical conditioning
Neutral stimulus paired with another stimulus. Eventually just the presence of the neural stimulus will elicit a response. The responses are involuntary.
EX: dog/ bell = salivation
Defense mechanism (Security Operations)
individual responses to decrease anxiety and increase feeling of security.
Positive reinforcement
Rewards behavior
Extinction
absence of reinforcement (e.g. ignoring behavior)
Negative reinforcement
Removal of a noxious or objectionable stimulus.
EX: taking alcohol away from an alcoholic
Milieu
The environment as a therapeutic force.
Basic intervention that nursing has responsibility for
Coined by Bruno Bettelheim
Boundaries
A set of functions which help differentiate between members and define roles in a family
Dialectical behavioral therapy
- Employs cognitive and behavioral approaches
- Accepts pt where they are
- Developed by Marsha Linehan for Tx of Borderline personality DS.
Heritability
the estimated portion of a diagnosed condition that is the result of genetic factors as opposed to environmental influence.
i.e. genetic tendency
Anhedonia
Inability to experience pleasure
Anergia
Lack of energy; passivity.
Catatonia
A state of psychologically induced immobilization, at times interrupted by episodes of extreme agitation.
Affect
The external manifestation of feeling or emotion which is manifested in facial expression, tone of voice, and body language.
Serotonin withdrawal
Flu-like symptoms
Caution Pt to not stop SSRI abruptly
Serotonin Syndrome
Caused by too high dose or interaction wthat leads to over-stimulation of serotonin receptors
S/S: Abd pain, diarrhea, fever, tachycardia, elevated BP, increased motor activity
LIFE-THREATENING
Polymorphism
A common variation in the individual’s DNA sequence
Crisis Intervention
A therapeutic approach focusing on rapid resolution
-ALL available resources utilized.
Accommodation
lose/win- one party concedes to the other
Competition
win/lose- usually one party is superior to be more assertive than the other
EX: parent or boss
Avoidance
lose/lose- avoid attempts to manage conflict
Compromise
win/lose-lose/win, partially satisfies each party.
Clear boundaries
those boundaries which are understood by all members
Diffuse or enmeshed boundaries
Boundaries which are unclear or inconsistent such that individual roles are unclear.
Rigid or disengaged boundaries
Boundaries which are inflexible and can inhibit individual growth and development. Tend to result in isolated families
Manipulating
Individual behaves in a manner in order to get his/her own way.
Generalizing
Use of all inclusive statements when dealing with a particular problem or issue
-Similar to minimizing
Blaming
Blaming others to keep focus off self
Placating
Placing blame on self or take ownership of a conflict in order to keep peace.
Triangulation
Inclusion of a 3rd party to stabilize problematic relationships between two people
Scapegoating
Focus of blame is placed on one member; usually a weaker one
Multi-generational issues
Family themes or issues that continue from one generation to the next
Double-blind
A situation in which there is a mixed message that results in a no-win situation (darned if you do darned if you don’t)
Differentiation
Ability to grow and develop as a unique individual and remain involved emotionally with the family
Distracting
Bring in unrelated or unimportant details as a distraction to the real problem
Genogram
standardized format for providing pertinent information across at least 3 generations of family.
Agoraphobia
Intense fear about being places from which there is no escape or help. Examples: someplace alone, in a plane, stuck on a bridge, elevator
Panic attack
Sudden onset of intense feelings of fear, apprehension and impending doom. Fear they are having a heart attack or going to die. person loses perspective. Often accompanied by physical symptoms. Can occur with or without agoraphobia
Phobia
Specific, irrational fear, about an activity, object or situation.
Flashbacks
dissociative experience related to previous traumatic life event
Obsession
persistent and recurrent thoughts that cannot be dismissed
Compulsion
ritualistic behaviors that an individual feels he must do in order to relieve anxiety (obsession)
Tort
.
Assault
.
Battery
.
Multi-generational issues
Family themes or issues that continue from one generation to the next
Double-blind
A situation in which there is a mixed message that results in a no-win situation (darned if you do darned if you don’t)
Differentiation
Ability to grow and develop as a unique individual and remain involved emotionally with the family
Distracting
Bring in unrelated or unimportant details as a distraction to the real problem
Genogram
standardized format for providing pertinent information across at least 3 generations of family.
Agoraphobia
Intense fear about being places from which there is no escape or help. Examples: someplace alone, in a plane, stuck on a bridge, elevator
Panic attack
Sudden onset of intense feelings of fear, apprehension and impending doom. Fear they are having a heart attack or going to die. person loses perspective. Often accompanied by physical symptoms. Can occur with or without agoraphobia
Phobia
Specific, irrational fear, about an activity, object or situation.
Flashbacks
dissociative experience related to previous traumatic life event
Obsession
persistent and recurrent thoughts that cannot be dismissed
Compulsion
ritualistic behaviors that an individual feels he must do in order to relieve anxiety (obsession)
Tort
A civil wrong for which monetary damages may be collected by the injured part from the wrongdoer
Assault
Verbal or Threat of physical
Battery
Physical
Temperament
A constitutional factor which is indicative of a child’s behavior styles used to cope
Intentional Tort
A voluntary act performed with the intent to bring about a physical consequence (battery assault false imprisonment)
Malpractice
Form of negligence applicable to professionals
MUST BOTH cause harm to the pt and be a failure to keep professional standards of care
