Mental Health Flashcards
what does the brain control?
behavior - but not all behavior can be easily controlled
what was mental illness thought to be caused by? what was a common treatment?
demons, trepanation
it is believed you can fix a person’s behavior how?
torture - asylums, prisons
who started psychotherapy?
Freud
What is a lobotomy?
needle through the eye socket and wiggle it to separate one part of the brain from another part that controls behaviour - main benefit were to the people around them
electroshock, is it used today?
zapping someone which high voltage electricity - in 50’s this was horrible and painful
we still do this they just put you under anesthesia
What did asylums turn into in the 50’s?
mental hospitals - more medical treatment
Treatment for schizophrenia (hallucinations + anxiety)
- antihistamines - calmed surgical patients
Thorazine- first effective treatment (25% achieved remission)
- dopamine antagonist- reduces psychosis
Side effects of Thorazine:
similar to Parkinson’s disease - involuntary facial expressions
What are the effects of amphetamines?
they raise dopamine amounts which produces psychosis similar to schizophrenia
most important dopamine receptor?
early drugs were D2 antagonists - this receptor is involved in the production of schizophrenia
these drugs were not very clean, and did a lot which produced more issues
What was the role of atypical antipsychotics?
weak D2 antagonist but strong serotonin agonists which remove symptoms - cleaner
anhedonia
inability to experience pleasure - people with depression
Depression treatment
Imipramine - not effective for schizophrenia - it elevates moods
it amplifies nerve signals sent by serotonin
What is re-uptake? and what happens with serotonin?
when nerve cells re-set after each transmission to send more signals.. imipramine blocks serotonin reuptake and amplifies the amount that will be used = higher mood
