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Psychology > Mental Health > Flashcards

Mental Health Flashcards

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1
Q

mentally healthy

A

being in a generally positive state of mental wellbeing and having the ability to cope and manage life’s challenges, work productively and fulfil goals

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2
Q

mental health problem

A

adversely affects the way a person thinks, feels and behaves, but typically to a lesser extent and shorter duration than a mental disorder

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3
Q

mental health disorder

A

a pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviours which are associated with significant personal distress and impair everyday functioning

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4
Q

characteristics for diagnosis

A
  • occurs within an individual and from dysfunction within the individual
  • there is a clinically diagnosable dysfunction in thoughts, feelings and behaviour
  • actions and reactions are not typical of the person
  • not a result of a personal conflict with society
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5
Q

internal biological factors

A

physiologically-based influences such as genes, gender, neurotransmitters and substance use

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6
Q

internal psychological factors

A

influences associated with mental processes such as thoughts, beliefs, attitudes and skills in interacting with others

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7
Q

external factors

A

influences that originate outside a person including school and work-related factors, interpersonal relationships and amount and type of support available

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8
Q

biopsychosocial framework

A

a way of describing how biological, psychological and social factors combine and interact to influence a person’s mental health

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9
Q

a mentally healthy person

A
  • should have high levels of functioning in terms of their interpersonal relationships, school, work and occupational settings
  • adaptive behaviour
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10
Q

adaptive behaviour

A

actions that enable a person to effectively carry out their usual everyday tasks

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11
Q

maladaptive behaviour

A

disrupts or impairs everyday functioning

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12
Q

wellbeing

A
  • our sense of wellness or how we feel about ourselves and our lives
  • a mentally healthy person tends to have a high level of social and emotional wellbeing
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13
Q

social wellbeing

A

the ability to have satisfying relationships and interactions with others

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14
Q

traits of a person with a high level of social wellbeing

A
  • develop and maintain healthy relationships
  • socially interact with others in appropriate ways
  • respect and understand others
  • completely resolve conflict with others
  • effectively manage unhealthy relationships
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15
Q

emotional wellbeing

A

the ability to control emotions and express them appropriately

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16
Q

traits of a person with a high level of social wellbeing

A
  • develop awareness and understanding of their own emotions
  • regulate their emotions and exercise control when appropriate
  • express a range of emotions in a suitable manner
  • consider thoughts and behaviour as well as feelings and making decisions
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17
Q

resilience

A

the ability to cope and adapt well to life stressors and restore positive functioning

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18
Q

ethics potentially breached in mental health research

A
  • informed consent
  • voluntary consent
  • placebo and the placebo effect
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19
Q

risk factor

A

any characteristic or event that increases the likelihood of the development or progression of a mental disorder

20
Q

the 4P model

A

four factors that may be used in analysing mental health and the progression of a mental health disorder

21
Q

predisposing risk factors

A

increases susceptibility to a specific mental disorder

22
Q

precipitating risk factors

A

increases susceptibility to and contributes to the occurrence of a mental disorder

23
Q

perpetuating risk factors

A

maintains the occurrence of a specific mental disorder and inhibits recovery

24
Q

protective factors

A

reduce or prevent the occurrence or recurrence of a mental disorder

25
Q

biological risk factors (mental disorders)

A

originate or develop within the body and may not be under our control

26
Q

genetic vulnerability

A

provides an increased risk for developing a mental disorder due to genetic makeup

27
Q

a poor response to medication

A

having little to no reduction in the number or severity of symptoms despite taking medication as prescribed

28
Q

substance use

A

the use or consumption of legal or illegal drugs or other products such as alcohol or tobacco

29
Q

psychological risk factors (mental disorders)

A

originate or develop within the mind which means that there is potential to exert some control over their occurrence

30
Q

rumination

A

repeatedly thinking about or dwelling on undesirable thoughts and feelings without acting to change them

31
Q

reasoning

A

goal-directed thinking in which conclusions are drawn from known facts or logic

32
Q

impaired memory

A

may involve difficulties with different types of LTM and STM

33
Q

stress

A

a risk factor for both the development and progression of mental disorders

34
Q

self-efficacy

A

an individual’s belief in their capacity to execute behaviours necessary to accomplish a specific task

35
Q

social risk factors (mental disorders)

A

originate in the external environment and interact with biological and psychological factors in influencing our mental health state

36
Q

attachment

A

the emotional band which forms between an infant and another person

37
Q

disorganised attachment

A

the type of attachment that is characterised by inconsistent or contradictory behaviour

38
Q

disorganised attachment in children

A
  • are less skilled in interpreting emotions in others
  • have the emotional control or resilience than others
  • are more likely to develop elevated levels of aggression, higher rate of disruptive behaviour to be impulsive
39
Q

disorganised attachment in adult

A

difficult to:

  • form close relationships
  • open up to others or seek help
  • sustain solid relationships
  • manage stress
40
Q

significant relationships

A

one perceived by an individual as being of considerable importance

41
Q

stigma

A

a mark or sign of shame, disgrace or disapproval associated with a particular characteristic that sets a person apart

42
Q

social stigma

A

any aspect of an individual’s identity that is devalued in a social context

43
Q

self-stigma

A

the stigmatising views that individuals hold about themselves

44
Q

effects of social-stigma

A
  • feelings of shame, self-doubt, low self-efficacy
  • lack of understanding from friends and family and media misrepresentation
  • bullying, physical harassment or violence
45
Q

cumulative risk

A

the accumulation of risk factors that impact a person’s mental health

46
Q

additive models

A

as the number of risk factors increases, there is also a corresponding increase in the likelihood of developing a mental disorder

47
Q

threshold models

A

risk factors that have a multiplying effect as they accumulate

Psychology (13 decks)

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