Menopause

Question 1

What is the definition of menopause?

Answer 1

amenorrhoea for >12 months in a woman of an age where the menopause would be expected

Question 2

What is the median age for the menopause?

Answer 2

52

Question 3

What are some symptoms women may experience with the menopause?

Answer 3

Hot flushes
Vaginal dryness
Low libido
Mood changes
Poor memory
Joint and muscle aches

Question 4

What are the principles of symptomatic management of the menopause?

Answer 4

Lifestyle measures
Vaginal lubricants
HRT
Selective oestrogen receptor modulators

Question 5

What are th contraindications for starting on HRT?

Answer 5

Current or past breast cancer
Current or past hormone sensitive cancer
Uninvestigated vaginal bleeding
Intreated endometrial hyperplasia

Question 6

What are the options for local HRT?

Answer 6

VAginal oestrogen cream, pessary, ring

Question 7

What are the systemic options for HRT?

Answer 7

Pill

Patch

Question 8

What HRT is given in a woman with no uterus?

Answer 8

Oestrogen

Question 9

What HRT is given in a women with a uterus?

Answer 9

> 1 year amenorrhoea= 28 day continuous oestrogen and progesterone
<1 year amenorrhoea or perimenopausal= Cyclical oestrogen and progesterone

Question 10

What is premature ovarian failure?

Answer 10

Onset of menopausal symptoms and elevated gonadotrophin levels in <40yo

Question 11

What are the causes of premature ovarian failure?

Answer 11

Idiopathic= most common
Chemi
Radio
Autoimmune

Question 12

What is the management of premature ovarian failure?

Answer 12

HRT