Meninges and cerebral vasculature

Question 1

What are the three layers of the meninges?

Answer 1

“The meninges PAD the CNS”

1. P ia
2. A rachnoid
3. D ura

Question 2

What meningeal space, which lies between the pia and arachnoid, contains the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Answer 2

Subarachnoid space

Question 3

What structure produces CSF?

Answer 3

The choroid plexus of the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles

Question 4

What structures reabsorb CSF into venous circulation?

Answer 4

The arachnoid granulations

Question 5

Trace the flow of CSF from the choroid plexus into venous circulation.

Answer 5

Choroid plexus → lateral ventricles → interventricular foramina (of Monro) → third ventricle → cerebral aqueduct → fourth ventricle → lateral foramina (of Luschka) or median foramen (of Magendie) → subarachnoid space → arachnoid granulations → superior sagittal sinus

Question 6

What are the three major functions of CSF?

Answer 6

1. To provide support and protection to the CNS
2. To remove metabolic waste products
3. To transport hormones and cytokines throughout the CSF and to the systemic circulation

Question 7

Blood vessel that supplies the Anterior two-thirds of the spinal cord, the medullary pyramids, medial lemniscus, and root fibers of cranial nerve (CN) XII

Answer 7

Anterior spinal artery

Question 8

Blood vessel that supplies the Retina

Answer 8

Central artery of the retina (a branch of the ophthalmic artery

Question 9

Blood vessel that supplies the Lateral geniculate body, globus pallidus, posterior limb of internal capsule

Answer 9

Anterior choroidal artery (an important branch of internal carotid artery)

Question 10

Blood vessel that supplies the Hypothalamus and ventral thalamus

Answer 10

Posterior communicating artery

Question 11

Blood vessel that supplies the Leg-foot area of motor and sensory cortices

Answer 11

Anterior cerebral artery (ACA)

Question 12

Blood vessel that supplies the Anterior putamen, caudate nucleus, and anteroinferior internal capsule

Answer 12

Medial striate arteries (branches of the ACA)

Question 13

Blood vessel that supplies the Broca (expressive) and Wernicke (receptive) speech areas, face and arm areas of motor cortices, frontal eye field

Answer 13

Middle cerebral artery (MCA)

Question 14

Blood vessel that supplies the Internal capsule, caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus

Answer 14

Lateral striate arteries (branches of the MCA)

Question 15

Blood vessel that supplies the Nucleus ambiguus and the inferior surface of the cerebellum

Answer 15

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 16

Blood vessel that supplies the Caudal lateral pontine tegmentum (including portions of the nuclei of CN V, VII) and the inferior cerebellar surface

Answer 16

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 17

Blood vessel that supplies the Superior surface of cerebellum, cerebellar nuclei, and the cochlear nuclei

Answer 17

Superior cerebellar artery

Question 18

Blood vessel that supplies the Majority of midbrain, portions of the thalamus, lateral and medial geniculate bodies, occipital lobe, inferior aspect of the temporal lobes, and the hippocampus

Answer 18

Posterior cerebral artery (PCA)

Question 19

Blood vessel that supplies the Majority of the dura

Answer 19

Middle meningeal artery

Question 20

Name the cerebral veins that drain directly into the superior sagittal sinus:

Answer 20

Bridging veins

Question 21

Name the cerebral vein that drains deep cerebral veins into the straight sinus:

Answer 21

Vein of Galen

Question 22

CN III, CN V1, CN V2, CN VI, postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and both internal carotid arteries all pass through which structure?

Answer 22

Cavernous sinus