Menieres Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Meniere’s disease

Pathophysiology

A
  • Meniere’s disease is an inner-ear condition that can cause vertigo, a specific type of dizziness in which you feel as though you’re spinning.
  • It also can cause ringing in your ear (tinnitus), hearing loss that comes and goes, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in your ear. Usually, only one ear is affected. The hearing loss eventually can be permanent.
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2
Q

Betahistine

Indications

A
  • Vertigo, tinnitus and hearing loss associated with Meniere’s disease
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3
Q

Betahistine

MOA- Histaminergic activity

A
  • Betahistamine (Histamine)- Acts as a partial H1 agonist and H3-antagonist also in neuronal tissue (NB- No H2 activity)
  • Betahistine increases histamine turnover and release by blocking pre-synaptic H3-receptors and inducing H3-receptor downregulation
  • Betahistine may increase blood flow to the cochlear region as well as the whole brain
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4
Q

Betahistine

MOA- Vestibular compensation

A
  • Betahistine accelerates the vestibular recovery after unilateral neurectomy in animals, by promoting and facilitating central vestibular compensation
  • This effect is characterised by up-regulation of histamine turnover and release it H3-antagonism
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5
Q

Betahistine

MOA- Alters neuronal firing in the vestibular nuclei

A
  • Betahistine has a dose-dependent inhibiting effect on spike generation of neurons in lateral and medial vestibular nuclei
  • The efficacy of betahistine was shown in studies in patients with vestibular vertigo and with Meniere’s disease as was demonstrated by improvements in severity and frequency of vertigo attacks
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6
Q

Betahistine

Warnings

A
  • Contraindicated in
    • Phaeochromocytoma- a rare, usually noncancerous tumor that develops in an adrenal gland
  • Cautioned in
    • Asthma
    • History of peptic ulcer
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7
Q

Betahistine

Adverse effects

A
  • Nausea and Dyspepsia
  • Headache
  • Hypersensitivity
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8
Q

Betahistine

Interactions

A
  • Cautioned when using MOAI
  • Antihistamines cancel the effects of betahistine
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