ADHD Flashcards
1
Q
Methylphenidate
Indications
A
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
2
Q
Methylphenidate
MOA
A
- Methylphenidate is a mild CNS stimulant
- MOA in ADHD is unknown
- It may be due to blocking the reuptake of NA and DA into the pre-synaptic neurone and increase the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space.
- Methylphenidate is a racemic mixture comprised of the d and i-isomers
- The D-isomer is more pharmacologically active than the I-isomer
3
Q
Methylphenidate
contraindications
A
- Anorexia nervosa
- arrhythmias
- Cardiovascular disease: HF, severe HTN, structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy
- Cerebrovascular disorder
- Suicidal tendencies
- Uncontrolled bipolar
- Vasculitis
4
Q
Methylphenidate
Cautions
A
- Agitation
- EtOH dependence
- GAD
- Epilepsy (discontinue if increased seizure frequency)
- Tourettes
- Angle-closure glaucoma
- Some XL products not suitable for pts with dysphagia
- NB- Dose conversion between products
5
Q
Methylphenidate
Interactions
A
- Anti-HTN
- Anti-hypotensives- may cause hypertensive crisis
- Alcohol- additive CNS effects
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6
Q
Methylphenidate
Adverse effects
A
- Infections- increased rate of upper resp tract inf
- Blood- leuco/thrombo/pan
- Metabolism- anorexia, decreased appetite
- Psychiatric- insomnia, nervousness, aggression,
- CNS- Headache, dizziness
- Cardiac- arrhythmias, tachycardia, palpitations, HTN
- General- growth retardation in kids
7
Q
Methylphenidate
Monitoring
A
- For efficacy- psychiatric status
- For safety-
- BP, pluse and CV status
- Height, weight and appetite recorded every 6 months on growth chart
