Mendelian Inheritance and Punnett Square Flashcards
In P = G + E, what is the newly expanded form of G?
What does each letter stand for?
G = A + D + I
A - additive effect
D - dominance
I - epistasis
What are the three Mendelian Laws?
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Dominance
What does the Law of Segregation state?
Each gamete, in an organism, receives just one random gene copy.
In Crossing Over, chromosomes will exchange segments between different loci or homologs?
Homologs
How do you find the number of unique gametes?
2^n
where n = number of heterozygous loci individuals
What do n and m stand for in 3^n x 2^m?
n = number of loci at which both parents are heterozygous
m = number of loci at which only one parent is heterozygous
Example: AaBbcc X AaBbCc
n=2
m=1
3^2 x 2^1 = 9 x 2 = 18 unique gametes
What does the Law of Independent Assortment state?
Genes controlling separate traits segregate independently.
What is the exception to the Law of Independent Assortment?
(Gene) Linkage
What does the Law of Dominance state?
When two homozygous organisms are crossed, only one genotype will be expressed in the first generation.
True or False. A Punnett Square can only consist of four boxes.
False. It can have as many as possible.
What is the purpose for a Punnett Square and Branch Diagram?
To show the probability of certain genotypes and phenotypes appearing in a mating.
When using a Branch Diagram, the final fractions should add up to ______.
ONE
In a Punnett Square, the fractions should add up to __________.
ONE
What type of gene interaction is happening with roan coat color in cattle?
Codominance
