Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Animal Breeding|ANSC3500 > Introduction to Animal Breeding > Flashcards

Introduction to Animal Breeding Flashcards

1
Q

Genetic gain is:

A

the amount of improvement from one generation to the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The three areas of genetics are:

A

Mendelian, Populational, and Quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who is the founder of animal breeding?

A

Sir Robert Bakewell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who is the father of genetics?

A

Gregor Mendel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who is the father of MODERN animal breeding?

A

Jay L. Lush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False. The goal of animal breeding and genetic gain is to increase the individual’s average.

A

False. The population’s average needs to improve. Not individual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Mating can be defined as:

A

Selecting which male to be bred to which female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Population can be defined as:

A

A group of intermating individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the importance of a breeding goal?

A

To specify which desired traits want to be improved by the producer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A trait is:

A

An observable/measurable characterstic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
Examples of traits are:
A) Horns/polled
B) Coat color
C) Weaning weight
D) A and B
E) B and C
A

E) B and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A phenotype is defined as:

A

Any observed category or measured level of performance for a trait.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q 
Examples of phenotypes are:
A) Horned
B) Red hair
C) Calving ease
D) A and C
E) A and B
A

E) A and B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the BASIC breeding equation? (hint: for phenotype)

A

P = G + E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or False. Animal breeding and reproduction are the same

A

False!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Seedstock productions provide:

A

The best genetics

17
Q

Commercial producers:

A

Drive breeding objectives

18
Q

Define animal breeding:

A

The process of selective breeding of domestic animals to improve desirable (and heritable) qualities in the next generation

19
Q

Who created the term breeding values?

A

Charles R. Henderson

20
Q

What are the two key words of animal breeding?

A

Selection and Mating

21
Q

Define Selection:

A

Determining which individuals become parents, for how long they stay in the breeding herd, and the number of offspring they will have

22
Q

What are the two kinds of selection?

A

Natural and Artificial

23
Q

True or False. Artificial selection is humans selecting the parents by culling and displacement selection

A

False! Humans use culling and REPLACEMENT selection

24
Q

Define Mating:

A

Determining which (selected) male will be bred to which (selected) female

25
Q

Define population:

A

A group of intermating individuals of the same species

26
Q

Define Trait:

A

Any measurable/observable feature

27
Q

Where does gene flow begin in the breeding structure pyramid?

A

At the nucleus/seedstockers

28
Q

Who drives breeding objectives in the beef cattle industry?

A

The bottom or producers/farmers/commercial operations

29
Q

What is a breeding goal?

A

Specification of traits to be improved including the emphasis given to each trait

30
Q

What are the 6 steps in the breeding cycle/program?

A
  • The production system
  • The breeding goal
  • Data/phenotypes collection
  • Selection
  • Dissemination/spreading genes
  • Evaluation
31
Q

_________ and __________ are the two main concepts of animal breeding and are used to improve the _____________ of the selected herd animal(s).

A

Selection. Mating. Population.

32
Q

What are possible phenotypes for the trait of eye color?

A

Green, blue, brown, hazel

33
Q

What are possible phenotypes of the trait of coat color?

A

Black, red, roan, grey (at least for cattle)

34
Q

True/False: All animals perform equally

A

False!

35
Q

Gene by environment interaction is

A

the difference in the average performance of 2 different genotypes is different in 2 different environment

36
Q

What is the “new” breeding equation?

A

P= G+E+(G*E)

37
Q

True or False: Genetic potential is the highest level of performance that the genetic group could achieve in the presence of environmental stress and all their nutritional requirements.

A

FALSE! Genetic potential is the highest level of performance in the ABSENCE of stress and all their requirements

38
Q

The value of an individual as a (genetic) parent is…

A

Breeding Value

39
Q

Any observed category or measured level of performance for a trait is…

A

Phenotype

Animal Breeding|ANSC3500 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions