Memory: WMM Flashcards
What is the working memory model?
A model of the STM
Who proposed the working memory model?
Baddeley + Hitch
What are the components of the working memory model?
- Central executive
- Phonological loop
- Visuospatial sketchpad
- Episodic buffer
What is the role of the central executive?
Supervisory role
Monitors incoming data
Directs attention
Allocates subsystems to tasks
What is the capacity of the central executive?
Very limited
What is the phonological loop divided into?
Phonological store
Articulatory process
What is the role of the phonological loop?
Deals with auditory information
Preserves order in which information arrives
What is the role of the phonological store?
Stores words you hear
What is the role of the articulatory process?
Allows maintenance rehearsal
What is the role of the visuospatial sketchpad?
Stores visual and spatial info when required
What was the visuospatial sketchpad divided into?
Logie
- Visual cache
- Inner scribe
What is the role of the visual cache?
Stores visual information
What is the role of the inner scribe?
Records the arrangement of objects in a visual field
Who divided the visuospatial sketchpad?
Logie
What is the role of the episodic buffer?
Temp store for info that integrates visual, spatial and verbal information from other stores
Maintains sense of time sequencing, records events that are happening and then links to LTM
Who added the episodic buffer?
Baddeley in 2000
What is the strength that suggests the WMM has support from clinical evidence?
- Shallice + Warrington studied patient KF who had brain injury
- STM for auditory info was poor bc of damaged phonological loop but could process visual information normally
- Supports WMM view that there are separate visual and acoustic memory stores
What did Shallice + Warrington argue was a strength of WMM?
There is evidence for separate visual and acoustic stores bc patient KF had poor STM for auditory info due to damaged phonological loop but could process visual info normally
What is the strength of the WMM that suggests dual task performance studies support the visuospatial sketchpad?
- Baddeley’s ppts found it harder to carry out two visual tasks at same time than do one verbal and one visual
- Both visual tasks compete for the same subsystem but there is no competition with the verbal and visual one
- Evident there must be separate VSS and PL
What did Baddeley argue as a strength of the WMM?
His ppts found it difficult to do two visual tasks at same time rather than one visual one verbal proving separate VSS and PL
What is the limitation of the WMM that suggests there is lack of clarity over the central executive?
- Baddeley said that the CE was most important but least understood component of the WMM (there must be more to it than attention)
- Unsatisfactory component and challenges integrity of the model
What did Baddeley argue was a limitation of the WMM?
The CE is most important but least understood component and there must be more to it than attention
What is the debate about the WMM?
- Show that there must be separate components processing visual and verbal information
- These studies are in controlled conditions and use tasks that are unlike everyday memory tasks
- Challenges validity of the model because it is not certain that the WMM acts this way in everyday situations
Who are the key thinkers in the WMM?
Baddeley + Hitch
Shallice + Warrington
Baddeley et al
Baddeley
What are the titles of the evaluation points of the WMM?
- Support from clinical evidence
- Support from dual task performance studies
- Lack of clarity over CE
- Debate (unlike everyday)
