Memory: MSM

Question 1

What is the MSM?

Answer 1

Describes how information flows through the memory system and is made of three stores which are linked by processing

Question 2

Who proposed the MSM?

Answer 2

Atkinson + Shiffrin

Question 3

What are the components of the MSM?

Answer 3

Stimulus from env
Sensory register
Attention
STM
Prolonged rehearsal
LTM

Question 4

What is the sensory register?

Answer 4

5 memory stores, one for each sense

Question 5

How do memories get to the SR?

Answer 5

All stimuli from the environment passes into it

Question 6

How is the SR coded?

Answer 6

modality specific, depends on sense (visual in iconic, acoustic in echoic)

Question 7

What is the duration of SR?

Answer 7

very brief, less than half a second

Question 8

What is the capacity of the SR?

Answer 8

Very high

Question 9

How do memories pass from SR to STM?

Answer 9

Paying attention to it

Question 10

What is the STM?

Answer 10

A limited capacity store of temporary duration

Question 11

How is STM coded?

Answer 11

Acoustically

Question 12

What is the duration of STM?

Answer 12

about 18 seconds

Question 13

What is the capacity of STM?

Answer 13

Between 5 and 9 (7 plus minus 2)

Question 14

How do memories transfer from STM to LTM?

Answer 14

Through maintenance rehearsal where we repeat material to ourselves, keep info in STM for as long as we rehearse it and if long enough passes into LTM

Question 15

What is LTM?

Answer 15

A permenant memory store

Question 16

How is LTM coded?

Answer 16

Mostly semantic

Question 17

What is the duration of LTM?

Answer 17

Potentially up to a lifetime

Question 18

What is the capacity of LTM?

Answer 18

Potentially unlimited

Question 19

How do memories pass from LTM back to STM?

Answer 19

Retrieval

Question 20

What is the strength that suggests there is research support for MSM showing that STM and LTM are different?

Answer 20

• Baddeley - we tend to mix words sound similar in STMs but mix up words that mean similar in LTM
• Supports MSM view that these two memory stores are sep and ind

Question 21

What is the limitation of the MSM that suggests that there is more than one STM store?

Answer 21

• Shallice + Warrington, patient KF had amnesia and STM recall for digits was poor when heard but better when he read them
• Other studies suggests seperate STM for non verbal sounds
• Wrong to claim there is one STM for all info

Question 22

What is the limitation of the MSM that suggests that prolonged rehearsal is not needed for transfer from STM to LTM?

Answer 22

• Craik + Watkins, 2 types of rehearsal; maintanance (amount) + elaborative (link to existing knowledge or think about meaning)
• MSM doesn’t fully explain how LTM storage is achieved

Question 23

What is the limitation that suggests that the MSM is not developed enough?

Answer 23

• Useful model that explained a lot at time but doesn’t account for many findings and oversimplifies memory stores
• Only good starting point for developing more valid models of memory

Question 24

What did Baddeley argue as a strength of MSM?

Answer 24

STM and LTM are two seperate stores because of acoustic and semantic mix ups

Question 25

What did Shallice + Warrington argue is a limitation of MSM?

Answer 25

There could be more than one STM bc amnesia patient KF had poor recall for digits when heard them but better when read them

Question 26

What did Craik + Watkins argue is a limitation of MSM?

Answer 26

Prolonged rehearsal is not needed for transfer to LTM, only maintainance and elaborative

Question 27

What are the titles of the evaluation points of MSM?

Answer 27

• Support showing STM and LTM are different
• More than one STM
• Prolonged rehearsal is not needed
• Not developed enough