Memory week 5

Question 1

SHort term memory (working memory)

Answer 1

keeps info while you are working on it
- without active processing (rehearsal) the info will be lost quickly

Question 2

long term memory and the 2 types

Answer 2

more enduring storage of info

declarative memory ( explicit memory): Facts and events
- episodic - recollection of personal experiences e..g first day of school
- semantic memory: general knowldege e.g. christmas is in december, sun rises in east

non declarative memory (implicit): unconscious accessed indirectly i.e. driving a car, riding a bike = procesdual: skills and habits, priming, simpel classical conditioning . relevant structures ar the striatum and cerebellum

Question 3

Patient KC

Answer 3

had diffuse brian damage due to accident. his general knwodlege (semantic memory) was intact) but he lost is episodic memory (particular life events)

Question 4

Amnesia is the

Answer 4

pathological loss of memory
can be caused by:
- head trauma
- brain surgery
- brian infections
- ischemia (lack of blood flow)
- hypoxia (lack of oxygen
- demensia

Question 5

retrograde vs anterograde amnesia

Answer 5

retrograde = loss of memory of old events

anterograde: loss of memory for new events

Question 6

medial temporal lobe and case fo HM

Answer 6

scientists discovered the role of the MTL in long term declarative memory
recent memories are dependent on the MTL

Question 7

MTL role in LTM

Answer 7

1: important for forming new LTM
2: newely formed memories are dependent on the MTL
3: MTL is not a permanent storage site for LTM

Question 8

Korsakofs syndrome

Answer 8

consequence of alcohol abuse:
sensory and motor problems
disorientation and confusion
personality changes

gradual onset

Question 9

striatum is important for

Answer 9

learning and retrieving specfic responses that are to be made in response to specfic stimuli

Question 10

place cells

Answer 10

fire only when familiar with place, moving towards object or object specfic location

Question 11

memory structures in brian

Answer 11

Rhinal cortex: new LTM explicit
memories (formation)
* Hippocampus: spatial information
(formation)
* Amygdala: emotion
* Inferotemporal cortex: storage of
visual patterns
* Cerebellum & striatum:
* cerebellum: sensorimotor skills
* Striatum (caudate nucleus &
putamen; not shown):
consistent mapping
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Question 12

Patient HM

Answer 12

suffered memory loss:
had epilepsy that could not be treated, perfomred surgery on hippocampus.
could no longer form new memories = anterograde amnesia
damaged declerative memory