genetics

Question 1

Homozgous vs hetrozygrous

Answer 1

homo - 2 identical alleles
hetro - 2 different alleles

Question 2

genes can be

Answer 2

dominant, recessive or intermediate

Question 3

a dominant gene shows a

Answer 3

strong effect in either the homo or hetro condition

Question 4

a recessive gene shows its effect

Answer 4

only in the homo condition

Question 5

phenotype is the …… and genotype is the ….

Answer 5

observable trait

genetic makeup

Question 6

humans have between

Answer 6

20,000 and 25,000 genes

Question 7

humans have 23

Answer 7

matched pairs of chromosomes

22 autosomes
1 pair of sex chromosomes

Question 8

sex linked traits controlled by

Answer 8

x chromosomes genes as it is larger and has more genes

Question 9

epigenetics is

Answer 9

the study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself

Question 10

epigenetics and ptsd

Answer 10

Trauma-exposed African Americans in Atlanta: people with PTSD +
childhood trauma showed many more epigenetic changes than
those with no childhood trauma (Mehta D et al, PNAS, 2013)
 Study in Australian Vietnam combat veterans showed many genes
had epigenetic differences among veterans with versus veterans
without PTSD (Mehta D, et al, Acta Psy Scan, 2017).
 Sperm DNA methylation in veterans (germ-line cells) – DNA
methylation from male veteran fathers predicted mental health
status in children (Mehta D et al, J Psych Res, 2019)
 Epigenetic changes reflect the influence of stressors on our genome!