Memory- Chapter 9 Flashcards
Flashbulb memory
unique and highly emotional moment can give rise to clear, strong, and persistent memory called flashbulb memory. 9/11, first kiss, skydiving, but it is not free from errors.
Memory
any indication that learning has persisted over time. it is our ability to store and retrieve information
encoding
stuff in the world we need to get in our head. the process of getting things into the memory system
storage
store info. the retentions of encoded info over time
Retrieval
accessing the knowledge. the process of getting info out.
sensory/automatic memory
the immediate initial recording of sensory info in the memory system
sensory memory function
holds info long enough to be processed for basic physical characteristics
sensory memory capacity
large
sensory memory duration
very brief retention of images
short term or working memory
Function:
Capacity:
Duration:
holds a few images briefly
- conscious processing of info
- limited
- about 30 seconds, or as long as you’re focussing on it
Maintenance Rehearsal
mental or verbal repetition of information allows information to remain in working memory longer than 30 seconds
long-term memory
function:
Capacity:
Duration:
- organizes and stores information
- unlimited
- thought to be permanent by some
problems with the model
- some informations skips the first two stages and enters long term memory automatically
- selecting info thats important to us
automatic processing
enormous amount of information is processed effortlessly by us. space: encode a place where pictures in on page of text book. Time: note the time events happen throughout the day. Frequency: keep track of how many times things happen to you
effortful processing
can become automatic. requires attention and effort. conscious repetitions of information (rehearsing)
