memory 3

Question 1

what do ‘droodles’ recognise in people

Answer 1

we find it easier to associate images with something to make it easier to remember

Question 2

what did castle, monkey and Reese 1959 find about lists being highly associated with items

Answer 2

• when list has more associations than random words the list is better remembered

Question 3

what did Jenkins and russel 1952 find about related items in a list

Answer 3

• tend to be recalled as clusters

Question 4

whats it called when words appear to be remembered when you can imagine it

Answer 4

dual coding

Question 5

what did Mandler’s 1967 of sorting cards with intentional or incidental memory

Answer 5

• people rememberd more when asked to engage with cards in sorting them to meanings of their own
• people who did not engage performed poorer

Question 6

what is transfer appropriate processing

Answer 6

suggests memory performance is enhanced when the processing strategies used during encoding match those used during retrieval.

Question 7

what is spreading activation comprised of

Answer 7

semantic memory
- based on semantic relatedness/ distance

Question 8

definition of a DRM paradigm

Answer 8

• nodes activate and spread from one to another
• use of spreading activation

Question 9

what are critical lures

Answer 9

• used in DRM paradigm
  -serve as the theme words or concepts around which related words are presented.

Question 10

name 2 issues with spreading activation theory

Answer 10

• mediated priming (2 words connected by 1 word but dont see same reliability of responses in those situations)
• how similar stimuli are processed (storage of concepts)

Question 11

when words arent closely semantically related why does it take longer to connect them

Answer 11

• nodes are further away so takes longer

Question 12

define the sensory- functional theory

Answer 12

• how indivudals receive and interpret to sensory information from their environment
  -theory suggests that sensory experiences play a fundamental role in shaping an individual’s perception, behavior, and cognitive processes.

Question 13

definition of schemas

Answer 13

• is a chunk of knowledge about the world, events, people, actions etc
• organized mental structures or frameworks that individuals use to organize and interpret information about the world.

Question 14

how is retrieval described

Answer 14

a progression from from one or more cues to a target memory
VIA
associative connections linking them together
THROUGH
process of spreading activation

Question 15

what is cue-dependant forgetting

Answer 15

when info is stored but cannot be accessed

Question 16

what does the encoding specifity principle state

Answer 16

for a cue to be useful it needs to be present ar encoding

Question 17

what is mood state dependant memory

Answer 17

less forgetting when the mood state at learning is the same as at retrieval

Question 18

what is context dependant memory

Answer 18

suggests that memory retrieval is often enhanced when the environmental context during encoding (learning) matches the environmental context during retrieval (testing).