Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

psychology > memory > Flashcards

memory Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What are the stages of information processing?

A

Input
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is input?

A

sensory information we receive from information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is encoding?

A

turning sensory information into a form that he is used and stored by the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is storage?

A

retention of memory in our memory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is retrieval?

A

Recall of stored memories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is output?

A

Information we recall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do we encode information?

A

Acoustic (hearing)
Visual (see)
Semantic (meaning of info)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the duration and capacity of short term memory?

A

Duration - 18 seconds
Capacity - 5-9 chunks of info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the duration and capacity of long term memory?

A

Duration - lifetime
Capacity - limitless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is retrograde amnesia and it’s symptoms?

A

Causes a loss of memories before brain damage
Can forget who they are and where they come from

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is anterograde amnesia?

A

Inability to make and store any long term memories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How are schemas formed?

A

Through personal experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do schemas influence memory?

A

Schemas cause us to change or ignore details when recalling them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the sensory register?

A

Our immediate memory of sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the role of attention in memory?

A

If we pay attention to something, more likely to remember it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the role of rehearsal in memory?

A

Repeating short term memory over and over again helps it to hold in short term memory - transfers to long term memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are strengths of the multi store model?

A

Provides evidence for how amnesia damages memory

18
Q

What are weaknesses of the multi store model?

A

Sometimes we remember stuff as they are more meaningful, not because we rehearse them

19
Q

What ate strengths of Bartlett’s theory of reconstructive memory?

A

Real life applications - crime eyewitnesses

20
Q

What are weaknesses of Bartlett’s theory of reconstructive memory?

A

His findings were subjective

21
Q

What are omissions according to Bartlett?

A

Leave out unfamiliar, unpleasant things when remembering something

22
Q

What are transformations according to Bartlett?

A

Details are changed to make them more familiar

23
Q

What are familiarisation according to Bartlett?

A

Change unfamiliar details to align own schema

24
Q

What are rationalisation according to Bartlett?

A

Add details to recall to give a reason that something may not have fitted with a schema

25
Q

What was the aim of the war of the ghosts study?

A
  • Whether memory affects schemas
  • If memory affects people due to different cultures
26
Q

What is some information on the participants about the war of the ghosts study?

A
  • 20 participants (7 women, 13 men)
  • Not told aim of study
27
Q

What was the procedure of the war of the ghosts study?

A
  • Read a story twice
  • Repeated reproduction used 15 mins later (no specific interval)
28
Q

What are key findings in war of the ghosts study?

A
  • changed some words in the story (canoe became boats)
29
Q

What were conclusions of war of the ghosts study?

A
  • Omissions and transformation happens
  • Details are fit to participants interests
30
Q

What is a strength of war of the ghosts study?

A

Reliable as he replicated his procedure of various stories and pictures

31
Q

What is a weakness of war of the ghosts study?

A

Didn’t use a standardised procedure when doing time intervals

32
Q

What was the aim of Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A

How long short term memory was

33
Q

What is some information on the participants for the Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A

1-24 participants from Indiana university

34
Q

What was the procedure of the Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A
  • Trigram shown on screen then asked to count backwards in 3’s and 4’s and then recall trigram
  • tested eight times with intervals of 3,6,9,12,15,18 seconds
35
Q

What were key findings in Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A
  • took an average of 2.83 seconds to begin recall of trigram once counting had stopped
  • 3 seconds interval, 50% recalled trigrams accurately/dropped to 10% from 15 seconds onwards
36
Q

What was the conclusion in Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A

Information decays rapidly from short term memory

37
Q

What is a strength in Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A

Used standardised procedure (increased validity)

38
Q

What is a weakness in Peterson and Peterson’s trigram study?

A

Trigram isn’t used in everyday life - lacks mundane realism

39
Q

What means by reductionism?

A

Explaining something in a very basic manner

40
Q

What means by holism?

A

Explaining something as a whole

psychology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions